Roberts, Julia

Japanese: ロバーツ(英語表記)Roberts, Julia
Roberts, Julia
Born October 28, 1967 in Smyrna, Georgia, she is an American actress. Her full name is Julia Fiona Roberts. She was born to parents who ran an acting school. After being recommended by her older brother, actor Eric Roberts, she made her film debut in a minor role in Blood Red (1989). Her first starring role was in Mystic Pizza (1988). She received high praise for Steel Magnolias (1989), and rose to stardom with her lead role in Pretty Woman in 1990. Throughout the 1990s, she steadily built her career, starring in films such as Sleeping with the Enemy (1991), The Pelican Brief (1993), My Best Friend's Wedding (1997), and Notting Hill (1999). In 2000, she founded the production company Shoelace Productions, and won an Academy Award for Best Actress for her role in Steven Soderbergh's Erin Brockovich (2000). She also supports many charitable organizations, including UNICEF and the American Red Cross.

Roberts
Roberts, Richard J.

Born: September 6, 1943. Derby, England. British molecular biologist. Received a PhD in organic chemistry from the University of Sheffield in 1968. After working at Harvard University, he became a senior research associate at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory in New York in 1972, and then became its deputy director in 1986. In 1992, he became director of eukaryotic biology at the New England Biological Laboratory in Massachusetts. In 1977, he demonstrated that the adenovirus genome is split, discovering that the deoxyribonucleic acid DNA regions (exons) that code for proteins are separated by long non-coding DNA regions (introns). Around the same time, PA Sharp led a different research team and made the same discovery. In previous research based on bacterial DNA, it was believed that genes were long chains of DNA that received instructions for protein synthesis, but after their discovery, it was established that split genes are more common in higher organisms, including humans. He also discovered that evolution is accelerated by the process of integrating gene fragments (splicing), which contributed to elucidating cancer and genetic diseases. In 1993, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine along with Sharp.

Roberts
Roberts, Sir Charles George Douglas

Born January 10, 1860 in Douglas, New Brunswick.
[died] November 26, 1943, Toronto. British-Canadian poet. Cousin of B. Carman. He debuted on the poetry scene with Orion and Other Poems (1880), and played a part in the rise of Canadian poetry in the 1880s and 1890s with works such as Songs of the Common Days (1893), and also wrote many animal stories. He lived abroad from 1897 to 1925, but after returning to Canada he was welcomed as the national poet and was highly revered.

Roberts
Roberts, Michael

Born: 1902. Bournemouth, Hampshire
[Died] December 13, 1948.
British critic and poet. He became a pioneer of poetry in the 1930s with the anthologies New Signatures (1932), New Country (33), and "The Faber Book of Modern Verse" (36). In addition to three volumes of his own poems, he also published TE Hulme (38) and The Estate of Man (51).

Roberts
Roberts, Kenneth (Lewis)

Born December 8, 1885 in Kennebunk, Maine.
[Died] July 21, 1957, Kennebunk, Maine. American journalist and author. After graduating from Cornell University, he studied journalism, then began writing novels, writing action-packed historical novels based on accurate historical facts. His works include Northwest Passage (1937), which tells the story of Major Robert Rogers, who was active on the frontier during the colonial period, as well as a collection of essays and an autobiography.

Roberts
Roberts, Tom

Born: March 9, 1856, Dorchester
[Died] September 14, 1931. Born in Victoria, England. Born Thomas William Roberts. He came to Australia in 1869 and studied painting while working as a photographer's assistant in Melbourne. From 1881 he traveled to Europe for several years and was strongly influenced by Impressionist paintings. After returning to Australia, he painted Impressionist-style landscapes and is known as the father of Australian landscape painting.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1967.10.28. ジョージア,スミルナ
アメリカ合衆国の女優。フルネーム Julia Fiona Roberts。演技学校を経営する両親のもとに生まれる。兄で俳優のエリック・ロバーツの推薦を受け,『ブラッド・レッド/復讐の銃弾』Blood Red(1989)の端役で映画デビューした。『ミスティック・ピザ』Mystic Pizza(1988)で初主演。『マグノリアの花たち』Steel Magnolias(1989)で高評価を受け,1990年に主演した『プリティ・ウーマン』Pretty Womanで一躍トップスターとなる。1990年代を通じて,『愛がこわれるとき』Sleeping with the Enemy(1991),『ペリカン文書』The Pelican Brief(1993),『ベスト・フレンズ・ウェディング』My Best Friend's Wedding(1997),『ノッティングヒルの恋人』Notting Hill(1999)などに主演し,着実にキャリアを積んだ。2000年に制作会社シューレース・プロダクションを設立,同年主演したスティーブン・ソダーバーグ監督の『エリン・ブロコビッチ』Erin Brockovich(2000)でアカデミー賞主演女優賞を受賞した。国連児童基金 UNICEFやアメリカ赤十字など多くの慈善団体への支援活動も行なっている。

ロバーツ
Roberts, Richard J.

[生]1943.9.6. イギリス,ダービー
イギリスの分子生物学者。 1968年シェフィールド大学で有機化学の博士号を取得。ハーバード大学で研究生活をおくったあと,72年ニューヨークのコールドスプリングハーバー研究所の上級研究員となり,86年研究副部長。 92年マサチューセッツ州ニューイングランド生物学研究所の真核生物研究部長に就任。 1977年アデノウイルスの遺伝子が分断されていることを実証,蛋白質になるよう符号化されたデオキシリボ核酸 DNA領域 (エクソン) が,符号化されていない長い DNA領域 (イントロン=介在配列) に分断されていることを発見した。同じ時期,P.A.シャープも別の研究チームを率いて同じ発見をしている。従来のバクテリア DNAに基づいた研究では,遺伝子は蛋白質合成の指令を受けた DNAの長い連鎖分子状のものと信じられていたが,彼らの発見以降,人間をはじめとする高等生物では分断された遺伝子 (スプリット・ジーン) のほうが一般的であるとの認識が確立された。さらに遺伝子断片の統合過程 (スプライシング) によって進化が早まることも判明,癌や遺伝病などの解明に寄与した。 93年シャープとともにノーベル生理学・医学賞を受賞。

ロバーツ
Roberts, Sir Charles George Douglas

[生]1860.1.10. ニューブランズウィック,ダグラス
[没]1943.11.26. トロント
イギリス系カナダの詩人。 B.カーマンの従兄。『オライアンその他』 Orion and Other Poems (1880) で詩壇に登場し,『日々の歌』 Songs of the Common Days (93) などによって,1880~90年代のカナダ詩興隆の一翼をにない,数多くの動物物語も書いた。 97~1925年国外で暮したが,帰国後はカナダの国民詩人として迎えられ,敬愛を集めた。

ロバーツ
Roberts, Michael

[生]1902. ハンプシャー,ボーンマス
[没]1948.12.13.
イギリスの批評家,詩人。アンソロジー『新署名』 New Signatures (1932) ,『新国土』 New Country (33) ,"The Faber Book of Modern Verse" (36) の編集によって 1930年代の詩壇の先導者となった。自作の詩集3巻のほか,『T. E.ヒューム論』 T. E. Hulme (38) ,『人間論』 The Estate of Man (51) などがある。

ロバーツ
Roberts, Kenneth (Lewis)

[生]1885.12.8. メーン,ケネバンク
[没]1957.7.21. メーン,ケネバンク
アメリカのジャーナリスト,作家。コーネル大学卒業後ジャーナリズムに関係,のち創作を始め,正確な史実に基づきながらしかもアクションの多い歴史小説を書いた。植民地時代に辺境で活躍したロバート・ロジャーズ少佐を描いた『北西航路』 Northwest Passage (1937) などのほか,エッセー集,自伝などがある。

ロバーツ
Roberts, Tom

[生]1856.3.9. ドーチェスター
[没]1931.9.14. ビクトリア
イギリス生れのオーストラリアの画家。本名 Thomas William Roberts。 1869年オーストラリアに渡り,メルボルンで写真家の助手として働きながら絵を修得。 81年から数年間ヨーロッパに旅行,印象派 (→印象主義 ) の絵に強く影響された。帰国後は印象派風の風景画を描き,オーストラリアの風景画の父といわれる。

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