Levant trade - Levant trade (English spelling)

Japanese: レバント貿易 - レバントぼうえき（英語表記）Levant trade

Also known as the Eastern trade. Trade between Europe and the Levant that began in the 11th century with the so-called "revival of commerce." Asian products such as spices, textiles, and luxury goods were brought to the eastern Mediterranean coast of Asia Minor, and were then sent to Europe by merchants in northern Italian cities (especially Venice) in exchange for silver (mainly from southern Germany) and woolen textiles. Italian merchants made huge profits from this long-distance trade, but in the 15th century, the Ottoman Turks advanced into the Levant, and direct trade developed from the end of the 15th century to the 16th century with the development of a sea route to India. Furthermore, with the entry of British merchants into the woolen textile trade, Venice's monopoly came to an end, and the weight of Levantine trade in East-West trade also declined.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

東方貿易とも呼ばれる。 11世紀以来のいわゆる「商業の復活」からヨーロッパとレバント地方との間で行われた貿易。小アジアの東地中海沿岸に運ばれた香料，織物，奢侈品などアジアの物産を，主として北イタリアの都市 (特にベネチア) 商人が銀 (おもに南ドイツ産) ，毛織物などと交換してヨーロッパに伝えた。この遠隔地商業によってイタリア商人は巨利を得たが，15世紀に入りオスマン・トルコがレバント地方に進出，15世紀末から 16世紀にインド航路開拓により直接貿易が発展した。またイギリス商人の毛織物貿易への参入などもあって，ベネチアの独占は終り，東西貿易におけるレバント貿易の比重も後退した。

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