Rubinstein

Japanese: ルビンシテイン
Rubinstein
Russian pianist, composer, and educator. He was of Jewish descent. He moved to Moscow soon after birth. Having studied with Liszt in Paris at a young age, he was active as a pianist in various places. He began studying composition around 1845, and produced works in the German Romantic style. In addition to the piano pieces Two Melodies (1852) and Angel's Dream (1855), which are still widely loved today, he left behind six symphonies, five piano concertos, and an opera. He was instrumental in establishing the academicism of Russian music, such as founding the St. Petersburg Conservatory in 1862. His younger brother Nikolai (1835-1881), like his brother, was also known as one of the leading pianists of the late 19th century, and founded the Moscow Conservatory in 1866. He later served as the director of the conservatory to teach the next generation of pianists. Tchaikovsky's piano trio Memories of a Great Artist is a memorial piece for him.
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Rubinstein

A Russian female dancer and actress. Inspired by Duncan, she studied dance with Fokine for a short period of time. From 1909 to 1911, she participated in the Ballets Russes, performing in Fokine's choreography of Scheherazade and Cleopatra, enchanting Parisian audiences with her beauty. Later, in competition with the Ballets Russes, she produced D'Annunzio's dance drama The Martyrdom of Saint Sebastian (1911, music by Debussy, choreography by Fokine), in which she starred. In 1928, she formed her own ballet company, and produced many works, including Bolero (1928) and La Valse (1929), choreographed by Nijinska, with music by M. Ravel. As a wealthy man, she became a sensation with the cooperation of many talented choreographers, painters, and composers.

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Japanese:
ロシアのピアノ奏者,作曲家,教育者。ユダヤ系。生後すぐにモスクワへ移住。若くしてパリでリストに学んだこともあり,ピアノ奏者として各地で活躍した。1845年ころから作曲を学び,ドイツ・ロマン派風の作品を発表。今日でも広く親しまれているピアノ小品《2つのメロディ》(1852年),《天使の夢》(1855年)などのほか,交響曲6曲,ピアノ協奏曲5曲,オペラなどを残した。1862年サンクト・ペテルブルク音楽院を創設するなど,ロシア音楽のアカデミズムを確立した功績が大きい。弟のニコライ〔1835-1881〕も兄同様,19世紀後半を代表するピアノ奏者の一人として知られ,1866年モスクワ音楽院を創立。以後,院長として後進の指導に当たった。チャイコフスキーのピアノ三重奏曲《偉大な芸術家の思い出》は彼の追悼曲。
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ルビンシテイン

ロシアの女性舞踊家,俳優。ダンカンに刺激され,短期間フォーキンに舞踊を学ぶ。1909年―1911年〈バレエ・リュッス〉に参加,フォーキン振付の《シェエラザード》《クレオパトラ》に出演し,その美しさでパリの観客を魅了した。のち〈バレエ・リュッス〉に対抗して,ダンヌンツィオの舞踊劇《聖セバスチャンの殉教》(1911年,ドビュッシー音楽,フォーキン振付)などを制作,みずから主演した。1928年自身のバレエ団を組織,M.ラベル音楽,ニジンスカ振付の《ボレロ》(1928年),《ラ・バルス》(1929年)など多くの作品を世に送り出した。資産家であったこともあり,有能な多くの振付家,画家,作曲家などの協力を得て一世を風靡(ふうび)した。

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