Greek Orthodox Church

Japanese: ギリシア正教会 - ぎりしあせいきょうかい(英語表記)Greek Orthodox Church
Greek Orthodox Church

Along with the Russian Orthodox Church, it is the core church of the Eastern Orthodox Church. In Japan, Orthodoxy itself is sometimes called Greek Orthodoxy. After Greece gained independence from Turkey in 1832, the Greek Orthodox Church, which was under the jurisdiction of the Patriarchate of Constantinople, became an independent church in 1850. Thus, Greece became a country with Orthodoxy as its state religion. Currently, there are 78 metropolitan dioceses in Greece (in Greece, the archbishop is above the metropolitan), and they have inherited the form of the early church organization as it was. The Greek Orthodox Church has about 98% of the population, or about 10.28 million believers (1996). There are many churches and monasteries built in the Byzantine era, and they are the center of Greek life. Celebrations of Easter and Christmas are included in elementary school textbooks, instilling Orthodox consciousness, and there is also active evangelism and missionary work among young people. The Greek national universities of Athens and Thessaloniki both have theology faculties that train priests and teach Greek Orthodox theology. Mount Athos is a special district within Greece as a "monastic republic," and the Holy See, consisting of representatives of each monastery on Mount Athos, is the highest authority.

[Sadao Taguchi]

[References] | Eastern Orthodox Church | Russian Orthodox Church

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ロシア正教会とともに、東方正教会の中核をなす教会。日本では、正教そのものをギリシア正教ということもある。1832年にギリシアがトルコから独立したのち、コンスタンティノープル総主教管下にあったギリシアの正教会は、1850年独立教会となった。こうして、ギリシアは正教を国教とする国となった。現在ギリシアには78の府主教区があり(ギリシアでは大主教が府主教の上)、初代教会機構の形態をそのまま受け継いでいる。ギリシア正教会には国民の約98%、約1028万人の信徒がいる(1996)。ビザンティン時代に建てられた教会や修道院が数多くあり、ギリシア人の生活の中心となっている。小学校の教科書には、復活祭(イースター)や降誕祭(クリスマス)の祝いが出ていて正教意識を植え付け、また若者に対する布教、伝道も盛んである。ギリシア国立のアテネ、テッサロニキ両大学には聖職者養成機関の神学部があり、ギリシア正教神学を教えている。なお、アトス山はギリシアの国の中で、「修道共和国」として特別区となっており、アトス山にある各修道院の代表による聖務院が最高機関である。

[田口貞夫]

[参照項目] | 東方正教会 | ロシア正教会

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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