In the Civil Procedure Law, it is a term used to refer to a suit filed by a defendant against a plaintiff in the same proceedings while a lawsuit is pending, in order to make a claim related to the main suit claim or a defense against it (Article 146, Paragraph 1). In essence, it is a new suit filed by a defendant against a plaintiff in the main suit proceedings as one of his defenses. For example, a defendant who is sued for damages for a collision between two automobiles may claim damages in return, alleging that the accident was due to the plaintiff's negligence. A counterclaim may be filed at any time up until the conclusion of oral argument in the main suit. It may also be filed in the appellate court if the opposing party consents (Article 300). The provisions of the main suit apply to counterclaim proceedings (Article 146, Paragraph 3). [Takeyoshi Uchida and Tetsuo Kato] [Reference] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
民事訴訟法上の用語で、訴訟の係属中に被告から原告に対し、本訴請求またはこれに対する防御方法と関連する請求をするために、同一訴訟手続において提起する訴えをいう(146条1項)。要するに被告が、その防御方法の一つとして、原告に対し本訴手続において提起する新たな訴訟中の訴えである。たとえば、自動車どうしの衝突事故により損害賠償を請求された被告が、その事故は原告の過失に基づくと主張して、逆に損害賠償を請求するような場合である。反訴は、本訴の口頭弁論の終結に至るまでいつでも提起することができる。また控訴審においても、相手方の同意があるときは提起できる(300条)。反訴手続には、本訴の規定が適用される(146条3項)。 [内田武吉・加藤哲夫] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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