Rhine Towns Alliance (English spelling) Rheinischer Städtebund German

Japanese: ライン都市同盟 - らいんとしどうめい（英語表記）Rheinischer Städtebund ドイツ語

In the late Middle Ages, an alliance was formed between Rhine towns to maintain peace and provide mutual assistance, which was established twice.

[Shosuke Hirajo]

First

In the midst of political instability during the Great Interregnum, the alliance formed between the cities of Mainz and Worms in 1254 was joined by the cities of Oppenheim and Bingen, and eventually over 70 cities from Aachen to Zurich were added, developing into a great alliance that included many secular and religious princes. It set goals such as the abolition of illegal tariffs, mutual commercial benefits, and the maintenance of peace in the Land, and won the approval of King Wilhelm von Holland, but after his death (1257) in the royal election it split into two factions, splitting and disintegrating.

[Shosuke Hirajo]

Second

In 1381, Frankfurt am Main was attacked by knights from the League of the Lions, which led to the formation of an alliance between the Rhine cities again. A military assistance agreement was concluded with the Swabian League of Cities, which had already been formed in 1376. However, in 1388, the league was defeated by the forces of the Rhine's Count Albert II and other princes, and the following year, King Wenzel issued the Imperial Peace Edict of Egger, which prohibited the formation of all city leagues, resulting in the league's dissolution.

[Shosuke Hirajo]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

中世後期、ライン地方の諸都市間で結ばれた平和の保持、相互援助のための同盟で、2度ある。

［平城照介］

第一次

大空位時代の政情不安に際し、1254年マインツとウォルムスの両都市間に結ばれた同盟に、オッペンハイム、ビンゲンの両都市が加わり、やがてアーヘンからチューリヒに至る70余の都市が加わり、多くの聖俗諸侯を含む大同盟に発展した。不法関税の撤廃、商業上の互恵、ラント平和の維持等の目標を掲げ、国王ウィルヘルム・フォン・ホーランドの承認を獲得したが、彼の死（1257）後の国王選挙で2派に分かれ、分裂、解体した。

［平城照介］

第二次

1381年、フランクフルト・アム・マインが、「獅子(しし)同盟」に結集した騎士たちの攻撃を受けたのが契機となり、ふたたびライン諸都市間に同盟が成立し、すでに1376年以来結成されていたシュワーベン都市同盟との間に軍事援助協定を結んだが、1388年、ライン宮廷伯アルプレヒト2世をはじめとする諸侯軍に敗れ、翌年、国王ウェンツェルが、エガーの帝国平和令ですべての都市同盟結成を禁止した結果、解体した。

［平城照介］

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