Mikisaburo Rai - Mikisaburo Rai

A patriot of the Sonnjo (revere the expulsion of emperors) faction at the end of the Edo period. His given name was Jun, and his pen name was Ogai. He was born in Kyoto on May 26, 1828, as the son of Rai Sanyo. At the age of 16, he studied under Goto Shoin in Osaka, while also learning from Shinozaki Shochiku. In 1843 (Tenpo 14), he was accompanied by Hakura Kando to Edo, where he studied at the Shoheizaka Academy. It is said that he was ordered to leave the dormitory in 1846 (Koka 3) for knocking over the stone lantern at the Bentendo hall at Shinobazu Pond in Ueno. In the same year, he set out on a journey around the Tohoku region, returning to Tokyo in 1849 (Kaei 2). While maintaining his private school, he associated with Sonn-joi patriots such as Yanagawa Seigan, and in 1858 (Ansei 5), he campaigned for the Imperial decree to expel foreigners from Japan to the Mito domain. When the Taigoku (Great Purge) occurred, he was arrested in September for his involvement, and the following year, after being questioned at the Edo Council of Ministers, he was sentenced to death on October 7 for discussing important national political matters and causing chaos in the country. Ohashi Totsuan buried his remains at Eko-in Temple (Arakawa Ward, Tokyo), and after his death sentence was pardoned in 1862 (Bunkyu 2), he was reburied in the grounds of Shoin Shrine (Setagaya Ward).

[Kiichi Rai]

"The Life of Miki Rai, by Yoshinao Kizaki (1943, Today's Mondaisha)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

幕末の尊攘(そんじょう)派の志士。名は醇(じゅん)、号は鴨崖(おうがい)。文政(ぶんせい)8年5月26日、頼山陽の子として京都に生まれる。16歳のとき大坂の後藤松陰(しょういん)に師事、かたわら篠崎小竹(しのざきしょうちく)に学ぶ。1843年（天保14）羽倉簡堂(はくらかんどう)に伴われて江戸に行き昌平坂(しょうへいざか)学問所に学ぶ。上野不忍池(しのばずのいけ)の弁天堂の石灯を倒したかどで46年（弘化3）退寮を命じられたといわれる。同年東北漫遊の旅に出、49年（嘉永2）帰京。家塾を守るかたわら梁川星巌(やながわせいがん)ら尊攘の士と交わり、58年（安政5）水戸藩への攘夷勅諚(じょういちょくじょう)降下を運動、大獄が起こると9月に連座して捕らえられ、翌年江戸評定所(ひょうじょうしょ)で訊問(じんもん)ののち、10月7日国家重大の政事向きを論じ天下を擾乱(じょうらん)させたとして死罪となった。大橋訥庵(とつあん)が回向(えこう)院（東京都荒川区）に遺骸(いがい)を葬り、62年（文久2）死罪御免(ごめん)となってのち松陰神社（世田谷(せたがや)区）境内に改葬された。

［頼　祺一］

『木崎好尚著『頼三樹伝』（1943・今日の問題社）』

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例