A capacitor made by covering the inside and outside of a glass bottle with tin foil to serve as electrodes, and passing a metal rod through the center of the lid so that the chain at the end of the rod comes into contact with the tin foil on the inside of the bottle. In 1745, E. Kleist of Germany filled a bottle with water, placed a nail in it, sent electricity from an electromotive force, and received a strong shock when he touched the nail with his hand. The following year, in 1746, P. Musssenbroek, a professor at Leiden University in the Netherlands, conducted a similar discharge experiment, receiving such a strong shock that he was bedridden. However, after further experiments, he created today's Leyden jar. This made it possible to store electricity, and has been used extensively in electrical research. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
ガラス瓶の内面と外面にスズ箔を張って電極とし,ふたの中央に金属棒を通して,その先端の鎖が内面のスズ箔と接触するようにしたコンデンサ。 1745年にドイツの E.クライストは瓶の中に水を入れ,その中に釘を入れて起電機から電気を送り,手で釘をさわったところ強いショックを受けた。翌 46年,オランダのライデン大学の教授 P.ミュッセンブルークはこれと同じような放電実験をし,ショックの強さで寝込むほどであった。しかし種々実験を重ねて今日のライデン瓶をつくった。これによって電気をたくわえておくことが可能となり,電気の研究に大いに用いられた。
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