When a molecule breaks down into smaller or simpler molecules, atomic groups, ions, or atoms, or when a crystal releases gas molecules or breaks down into ions in solution, such dissociation is called dissociation when there is an equilibrium between the original molecule or crystal and the decomposition products or when the dissociation is reversible. When dissociation occurs into ions, it is called electrodissociation, or ionization for short, and when dissociation occurs due to heat, it is called thermal dissociation. For example, if hydrogen iodide is kept at a constant concentration, the following dissociation equilibrium exists: 2HIH2 + I2 The thermal dissociation of calcium carbonate proceeds as follows: CaCO3CaO + CO2 [Nakahara Katsunori] "Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry" by Masaru Kimura and Riichi Nakajima (1996, Shokabo) "Analytical Chemistry - Theory and Instrumental Analysis" by Chuzo Kato and Yoshiyuki Sugawara (2000, Shokodo) [Reference] | | | | | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
分子がより小さな、あるいはより簡単な分子や、原子団、イオンまたは原子に分解するとき、あるいは結晶が気体分子を放出したり、溶液になってイオンに分解するときなど、元の分子や結晶と分解生成物との間に平衡関係が成立するか、可逆的であるようなとき、これらの分解を解離という。とくにイオンに解離するときは電気解離、略して電離といい、熱による場合を熱解離などという。 たとえば、ヨウ化水素を一定濃度に保つと次のような解離平衡が成り立つ。 2HIH2+I2 炭酸カルシウムの熱解離では次のようになる。 CaCO3CaO+CO2 [中原勝儼] 『木村優・中島理一郎著『分析化学の基礎』(1996・裳華房)』▽『加藤忠蔵・菅原義之著『分析化学――理論と機器分析』(2000・昭晃堂)』 [参照項目] | | | | | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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