Beatrice is a woman who was poetically depicted by Dante, a great Italian poet of the late Middle Ages, in works such as "Nova" and "Divine Comedy." In "Nova," a representative collection of poetry and prose from the Neo-Renaissance school, Dante and Beatrice first meet when they are both nine years old, and then meet again nine years later, when Dante is inspired poetically, but she dies shortly thereafter. In "Divine Comedy," Dante travels to the afterlife, guided by the spirit of the great Latin poet Virgil, from "Inferno" to "Purgatory," but from the paradise on Mount Purgatory to "Paradise," he is guided by the spirit of Beatrice to get a glimpse of the truth of God. For this reason, Beatrice is generally interpreted as an allegory of "love," but there is also a theory that she is a real, ideal woman. She was Bice, the daughter of the Florentine nobleman Folco di Ricovero di Portinari, who married the banker Simone di Bardi and died on June 8, 1296, aged 31. In Japan, from the Meiji to the Taisho era, Dante's works were translated and introduced with a poetic interpretation influenced mainly by Christians and the Pre-Raphaelites, and Ueda Bin and Abe Jiro also considered Beatrice to be a real woman of eternity. However, there were also readers of Dante, such as Masamune Shiratori and Hanada Kiyoteru, who calmly criticized this. [Hideaki Kawashima] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
イタリア中世末期の大詩人ダンテが『新生』『神曲』などに詩的に描いた女性。清新体派の代表的詩文集『新生』のなかでは、ダンテとベアトリーチェがそれぞれ9歳のときに初めて出会い、さらに9年後にまた巡り会ってダンテは詩的霊感を受けるが、まもなく彼女は亡くなってしまう。『神曲』のなかでは、「地獄編」から「煉獄(れんごく)編」にかけて、ラテンの大詩人ウェルギリウスの霊魂に導かれてダンテは彼岸(ひがん)の世界の旅をするが、煉獄山上の楽園から「天国編」にかけては、ベアトリーチェの霊魂に導かれて神の真理をかいまみる。このことから、ベアトリーチェを「愛」の寓意(ぐうい)と解釈するのが一般であるが、彼女を実在の理想の女性とする説もある。フィレンツェ共和国の名門フォルコ・ディ・リコーベロ・ディ・ポルティナーリの娘ビーチェがそれであり、彼女は銀行家シモーネ・ディ・バルディに嫁して、1296年6月8日に31歳で没した。 日本においては、明治から大正にかけて、もっぱらキリスト者やラファエル前派の影響を受けた詩的解釈によってダンテの翻訳紹介が行われ、上田敏(びん)や阿部次郎らもベアトリーチェを実在した久遠の女性ととらえている。ただし、正宗(まさむね)白鳥や花田清輝(きよてる)らのごとくこれを冷静に批判するダンテの読み手たちもいた。 [河島英昭] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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