Yang Xiong - Youyu

A Confucian scholar and man of letters from the Han Dynasty in China. He was from Chengdu, Shu County (Sichuan Province). His courtesy name was Ziyun. He served three dynasties: the Western Han, the Xin, and the Eastern Han. He was renowned as a scholar. His most famous works include the Taixuanjing, which imitates the Book of Changes, and the Fayan, which imitates the Analects. He was also influenced by Sima Xiangru and was good at writing fu. The Taixuanjing is a new divination book, with 81 poems and 729 annotations, following the 64 hexagrams and 384 lines of the Book of Changes. Its fundamental principle is Xuan, which was derived from Laozi's Taoist philosophy. In explaining its origin, it is said that Ixuan split into Sanpo (three sides), Sanpo (three sides) became Kyushu (one Kyushu), Kyushu became 27bu (two seven parts), and the 27bu (two parts) became 81 families (eight families). In terms of personnel matters, it is said that Sanpo was modeled after the Three Dukes, Kyushu was modeled after the Nine Ministers, the 27bu was modeled after the Taifu (two parts), and the 81 families was modeled after the Yuanshi (elderly men), with Ixuan as the ruler and ruler. Following the example of the Analects, the Fayan respects sages and preaches the kingly way from Volume 1, "Learning and Doing," to Volume 10, "Filial Piety and the Great." The Confucian scholars of the Han and Tang dynasties held Yang Xi in high esteem, but Cheng Yichuan (Cheng Yi) and Zhu Xi (Zhu Xi) of the Song dynasty criticized Yang Xi for copying the calligraphy of sages, preaching the idea that human nature is good and evil, and serving the Three Dynasties, and many subsequent Confucian scholars followed their example.

[Kazan Yasui January 19, 2016]

"The Taixuan Jing, translated by Suzuki Yujiro (1972, Meitoku Publishing, Chinese Classics New Books)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、漢代の儒学者、文人。蜀(しょく)郡成都(せいと)（四川(しせん)省）の人。字(あざな)は子雲(しうん)。前漢、新(しん)、後漢(ごかん)の3王朝に仕えた。学者として高名である。著書としては『易経』に擬した『太玄経(たいげんきょう)』と、『論語』を模した『法言(ほうげん)』が有名である。また司馬相如(しばしょうじょ)の影響を受けて賦(ふ)をよくした。『太玄経』は『易経』の六四卦(か)三八四爻(こう)に倣って八一首(しゅ)七二九賛(さん)とし、新しい占筮(せんぜい)書とした。その根本原理は老子の道の思想より得た玄である。その生成を説くに、一玄が分かれて三方(ほう)となり、三方が九州(しゅう)となり、九州が二七部となり、二七部が八一家(か)となるとする。これを人事にあてて、三方は三公、九州は九卿(けい)、二七部は大夫(たいふ)、八一家は元士にかたどり、一玄を君主としてこれを統(す)べるものと説いた。『法言』は『論語』に倣い、巻1の「学行」から巻10の「孝至(こうし)」に及んで、聖人を尊び、王道を説いた。漢・唐の諸儒は揚雄を高く評価したが、宋(そう)代の程伊川(ていいせん)（程頤(ていい)）や朱熹(しゅき)（朱子）が、聖人の書の模作を難じ、性善悪混説を唱え、3朝に仕えたことなどを批判したため、それ以後の儒者も多くこれに倣った。

［安居香山　2016年1月19日］

『鈴木由次郎訳『太玄経』（1972・明徳出版社・中国古典新書）』

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