Ulm (English spelling)

Japanese: ウルム(英語表記)Ulm
Ulm (English spelling)
A city in the state of Baden-Württemberg in southwestern Germany. It is located on the left bank of the Danube on the eastern edge of the state, opposite Neu-Ulm in Bavaria. The city is located at the crossing point of the Danube, where the Iller River from the Bayerischer Alpen and the Blau River from the Schwabischer Alp flow into the Danube. It was first recorded as a royal city in 854, and gained city rights in the 12th century. It then prospered as a direct imperial city and a commercial city occupying a key transportation location. It declined in the 16th and 17th centuries as a result of the Thirty Years' War, and became part of Bavaria in 1802 and Württemberg in 1810, but from the mid-20th century, industry and commerce developed rapidly, and it became the economic center of the Upper Swabia region. It was heavily damaged in World War II, but most of its important buildings have been restored. The Gothic Ulm Cathedral (construction started in 1377, restoration completed in 1890) with a 161m-high spire escaped war damage, and other notable buildings include the town hall built in 1370 and the grain exchange built in 1594. The manufacturing of automobiles, machinery, and electrical equipment is thriving in the city. Population: 122,801 (2010).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
ドイツ南西部,バーデンウュルテンベルク州の都市。州の東縁,ドナウ川左岸に位置し,対岸にはバイエルン州ノイウルムがある。バイエリッシェアルペンからのイラー川,シュウェービッシェアルプからのブラウ川がドナウ川に流入する地点にあり,町はドナウ川渡河点に成立。854年に王領として記録に現れ,12世紀に都市権を獲得。その後帝国直轄都市,交通の要地を占める商業都市として繁栄。16~17世紀には三十年戦争などの結果衰退し,1802年にバイエルン領,1810年にウュルテンベルク領となったが,20世紀中頃から工業および商業が急速に発展し,上シュウェーベン地方の経済の中心地となった。第2次世界大戦では大きな被害を受けたが,重要な建造物は大部分が修復された。高さ 161mの尖塔をもつゴシック様式のウルム大聖堂(1377着工,1890修復完工)は戦災を免れ,ほかに 1370年建築の市庁舎,1594年建築の穀物取引所などがある。工業では自動車,機械,電機などの製造業が盛ん。人口 12万2801(2010)。

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