Hour angle - hour

Japanese: 時角 - じかく
Hour angle - hour

When viewed from the Earth, all celestial bodies rotate around the celestial poles at a rate of approximately one rotation per day due to their diurnal motion, and generally, celestial time is given by this rotation angle, and in this sense, this rotation angle is called the "hour angle." More precisely, it is the angle of progression of a celestial body after it passes the meridian semigreat circle that includes the observer's zenith (i.e., the angle of the hour circle semigreat circle that includes the celestial body, measured westward from the meridian semigreat circle). The hour angle of the Sun gives "solar time" (plus 12 hours), and the hour angle of a fixed star (or the vernal equinox) with longitude ascension 0 degrees gives "sidereal time." For this reason, hour angles are expressed in units of "hours, minutes, and seconds," with one rotation being 24 hours.

[Koichi Nakajima]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

地上から見ると、すべての天体は日周運動により天の両極を中心に約1日に1回転の割合で回転しているが、一般に天測による時刻はこの回転角で与えられるわけであり、この意味でこの回転角を「時角」とよぶ。正確には、観測者の天頂を含む子午線半大円を天体が通過した後の進行角(すなわち子午線半大円から西向きに測った、天体を含む時圏半大円の角度)である。太陽の時角は「太陽時」(プラス12時)を与え、また赤経0度の恒星(あるいは春分点)の時角は「恒星時」を与える。このため、時角は1回転を24時とする「時分秒」の単位で表される。

[中嶋浩一]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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