A compound obtained by changing part of the structure of a compound is called a derivative of the original compound. For example, chlorobenzene C 6 H 5 Cl, nitrobenzene C 6 H 5 NO 2 , toluene C 6 H 5 CH 3 , and phenol C 6 H 5 OH are derivatives of benzene, in which one hydrogen atom of the benzene molecule C 6 H 6 is replaced with a specific substituent. The term derivative has recently come to be used in a very broad sense, and even compounds obtained through fairly complex changes are called derivatives as long as the original skeleton remains. Compounds produced by addition reactions, molecular compounds, etc., are also called derivatives of the original compound. [Nakahara Katsunori] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
一つの化合物の構造の一部を変化させて得られる化合物を元の化合物の誘導体という。たとえば、ベンゼン分子C6H6の一つの水素原子を特定の置換基で置換したクロロベンゼンC6H5Cl、ニトロベンゼンC6H5NO2、トルエンC6H5CH3、フェノールC6H5OHなどはベンゼンの誘導体である。 誘導体は、最近ではきわめて広い意味で使われるようになり、かなり複雑な変化を経て得られたものでも、元の骨格が残っていれば誘導体とよんでいるし、付加反応によって生成する化合物、分子化合物などでも、元の化合物の誘導体といっている。 [中原勝儼] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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