A tall tree of the Myricaceae family (APG classification: Myricaceae). It grows to 15-20 meters tall. The branches are brittle and have many thin branches. The leaves are 5-10 cm long, broadly oblanceolate or oblanceolate, leathery and pointed. Mature trees have entire or shallow serrations, and the leaf margins are deeply incised when the seedling is young. Dioecious. The inflorescences that develop in the leaf axils around March are rod-shaped with female inflorescences 1-2 cm long, with red stigmas and 4-5 bipartite pistils, and the male inflorescences are long brush-shaped with 3 cm long, and scatter a large amount of pollen. The fruits are spherical with a diameter of 1.5-2 cm, and mature in June-July. The fruit colors include deep crimson red, red, and pale crimson white. It has a strong sweet and sour taste and is juicy, and can be eaten raw, candied, or pickled in shochu. The juice is a pale pink color. The bark is dried and made into yangbaihi (plum skin), which is effective against diarrhea and bruises. It can also be used with various mordants to make dyes in brown, yellow, gold, brown, greenish black, and other colors. It is found in the mountains, distributed from the Kanto region westward to Kyushu, and in warm areas of China including Taiwan. [Muneo Iizuka February 17, 2020] [Reference item] |It is often planted as a garden tree or park tree. The fruit is spherical, 1.5 to 2 cm in diameter, and deep crimson red. It ripens in June and July and is edible. ©Seishohmaru "> Bayberry In March, red flower spikes appear in the leaf axils. The photo shows the male inflorescence ©Shogakukan "> Bayberry flower ©Shogakukan "> Myrica rubra (Zuihō) ©Kanzo Otawa "> Bayberry (specimen drawing) Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ヤマモモ科(APG分類:ヤマモモ科)の高木。高さ15~20メートル。枝はもろく、多くの細枝がある。葉は長さ5~10センチメートルで広倒披針(ひしん)形または倒披針形、革質で先がとがる。成木は全縁または浅い鋸歯(きょし)があり、実生(みしょう)の幼苗期は葉縁の切れ込みが深い。雌雄異株。3月ころ葉腋(ようえき)に発育した花穂は、雌花序は長さ1~2センチメートルの棒状になり、柱頭は紅色で2裂した雌しべを4~5個つけ、雄花序は長さ3センチメートルの長い筆の穂先状になり、多量の花粉を飛ばす。果実は径1.5~2センチメートルの球形で、6~7月に成熟する。果色は濃紅赤色、赤色、帯淡紅白色などがある。甘・酸味が強く多汁で、生食のほか、砂糖漬け、焼酎(しょうちゅう)漬けにする。ジュースは淡紅色になる。樹皮は乾燥し楊梅皮(ようばいひ)とし、下痢や打撲症に効く。また諸媒染剤により、茶、黄、黄金、褐、緑黒色などの染料にする。関東地方以西から九州、および台湾を含む中国暖地に分布し、山地に生える。 [飯塚宗夫 2020年2月17日] [参照項目] |庭木や公園樹としてよく植栽される。果実は径1.5~2cmの球形で濃紅赤色。6~7月に成熟し、食用となる©Seishohmaru"> ヤマモモ 3月ごろ、葉腋に紅色の花穂をつける。写真は雄花序©Shogakukan"> ヤマモモの花 ©Shogakukan"> ヤマモモ(瑞光) ©大多和鐘三"> ヤマモモ〔標本画〕 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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