Gangue refers to minerals that occur in mineral deposits and are not used even after they are mined. Generally, it refers to non-metallic minerals such as quartz, calcite, fluorite, and gypsum that occur in metallic deposits, but metallic minerals such as pyrite and arsenopyrite are also often treated as gangue. Quartz is generally considered gangue, but when it is mined for its purpose, it is considered an ore. Thus, the minerals that become ores and the minerals that become gangue vary depending on the deposit, and there is no strict distinction between them. Gangue itself is worthless, but the type and grain size of the gangue are related to the selection of dressing and smelting methods, so it can affect the value of the ore. Also, since each type of deposit tends to be accompanied by specific gangue, it is often used as a clue for deposit exploration. The main gangue minerals include quartz, calcite, rhodochrosite, barite, garnet, chlorite, fluorite, and pyrite, and rock fragments contained within veins are also called gangue. [Mutsumi Mogi] [References] | | | | | | | | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
鉱床の中に産する鉱物のうち、採掘されても利用されない鉱物をいう。一般には金属鉱床に産する石英、方解石、蛍石(ほたるいし)、石膏(せっこう)などの非金属鉱物をさすことが多いが、黄鉄鉱や硫砒(りゅうひ)鉄鉱などの金属鉱物もしばしば脈石として扱われる。また石英などは一般的には脈石であるが、それらを目的として採掘される場合は鉱石である。このように鉱石となる鉱物と、脈石となる鉱物とは鉱床により異なり、厳密な区別があるわけではない。脈石はそれ自身は無価値であるが、選鉱や製錬方法の選定には脈石の種類や粒度などが関係してくるので、鉱石の価値に影響することがある。また鉱床のタイプごとに特定の脈石を伴いやすいため、鉱床探査の手掛りとして利用されることも多い。 おもな脈石鉱物には石英、方解石、菱(りょう)マンガン鉱、重晶石、ざくろ石、緑泥石、蛍石、黄鉄鉱などがあり、また鉱脈の中に含まれる岩石片も脈石とよばれる。 [茂木 睦] [参照項目] | | | | | | | | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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