Jacob

Japanese: ヤコブ（英語表記）Ja'acōb; Jacob

A figure in the Old Testament. Also called Israel, he is the ancestor of the Israelites. He is the son of Isaac and Laban's sister Rebekah. Jacob inherited the birthright from his twin brother Esau, who was loved by Isaac (Genesis 25:24-34). He also deceived his father by following the tricks of his mother, who favored him, and received the blessing, "All the nations shall serve you" (Genesis 27:1-29). In order to avoid his brother's revenge, Jacob fled to his mother's homeland of Haran, where he received God's blessing in a dream at Bethel. After waking up, he swore to make the same God as Abraham and Isaac's God his own god, and promised to give a tenth of God's gifts to God (Genesis 28:10-22). In Haran, he married Laban's daughters Leah and Rachel, and their children became the ancestors of the tribes of Israel. After wrestling with God at the ford of Jabbok, he changed his name to Israel (meaning "contend with God" or "God rules") (ibid. 32:28). Later, he went to Egypt in search of food due to a famine, where he was reunited with his son Joseph, who had become governor of the country, and spent his later years in happiness. In accordance with his will, he was buried in the cemetery of Machpelah, east of Komre in Canaan (ibid., chapters 49-50).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

旧約聖書中の人物。イスラエルともいい，イスラエル民族の祖。イサクとラバンの妹リベカの子。ヤコブはイサクに愛されていた双生児の兄エサウから長子権を譲り受け (創世記 25・24～34) ，また彼を偏愛した母の策略に従って父を欺いて「もろもろの民はあなたに仕える」との祝福を受けた (同 27・1～29) 。さらに兄の復讐を避けるため母の故国ハランに逃れる途次ベテルにおいて夢のなかで神の祝福を受け，目ざめてのちアブラハム，イサクの神と同じ神をみずからの神とする誓いを立て，神の賜物の 10分の1を神に捧げることを約した (同 28・10～22) 。ハランにおいて彼はラバンの娘レア，ラケル姉妹と結婚，その子らはイスラエルの部族の祖先となった。ヤボクの渡しで神と組打ちをしたことからイスラエル (「神と競う」「神が支配する」の意) と改名 (同 32・28) ，のち彼は飢饉のため食糧を求めてエジプトへおもむいたが，そこで国の司となっていた子ヨセフと再会して幸福な晩年を過した。遺言に従ってカナンのコムレ東方マクペラの墓地に葬られたという (同 49～50章) 。

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