Provisional basic laws enacted by the Republic of China. They are equivalent to today's constitutions, so to speak, and there are three types. The first, the "Provisional Contract of the Republic of China," was enacted in March 1912, immediately after the Xinhai Revolution, and its main purpose was to restrict the power of Provisional President Yuan Shih-kai, but it was abolished by Yuan in 1914. The second, the "Contract of the Republic of China" (promulgated in March 1914), was enacted by Yuan Shih-kai to legitimize the dictatorial political system, but naturally disappeared upon his death (1916). The third, the "Contract for the Period of Reform" (promulgated in June 1931), was enacted by Nationalist Government Chairman Chiang Kai-shek, and formally remained in place the longest, until December 1946. [Kurahashi Masanao] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
中華民国で制定された暫定的な基本法。いわば今日の憲法にあたり、3種がある。第一の「中華民国臨時約法」は辛亥(しんがい)革命直後の1912年3月に制定され、臨時大統領袁世凱(えんせいがい)の権力の拘束をおもな目的としていたが、14年袁に破棄された。第二の「中華民国約法」(1914年3月公布)は袁世凱が独裁的政治体制を合法化するために制定されたが、彼の死(1916)によって自然消滅した。第三の「訓政時期約法」(1931年6月公布)は国民政府主席蒋介石(しょうかいせき)が制定したもので、46年12月まで、形式的にはもっとも長く存続した。 [倉橋正直] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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