Role - Yaku

Japanese: 役 - やく

〘noun〙① Labor imposed by the state on the people. Public service (kuyaku/koueki) . Compulsory labor (buyaku/bueki) . Duties. Eda. Eki. ※Uji Shui (around 1221) 4 "Atsumasa was made to do labor." ② Tax imposed on owned goods or passage. ※Gyokujinsho (1563) 20 "He drew a tag and put it on a high-flying boat and escaped. Did he escape the boat's rent?" ③ An abbreviation of duties such as horse-drawn carriage service, village assistance service, and peasant duties during the Edo period. ※Chiho Banreiroku (1794) 5 "The matter of yaku (loan duties)" refers to yaku (loan duties) in ancient times, when all duties were imposed and the meaning was not fixed, and there was no such thing as a kokudaka license." ④ A job one is responsible for. A duty. A position. A duty. A mission. ※Utsubo (c. 970-999), Kuniyori no Shita, "I will present the role to the nobles." ※Sakehon Keisei Kai Shijuhachite (1790) , Yasuhite , "It is your role to listen to the affairs of the nobility." ⑤ The only job. The main duty. → Role. ※Genji (c. 1001-14), Suma, "The old woman cries out in Matsushima, as the pears hang low." ⑥ A role that each actor takes on and plays in Noh and other plays. In charge of the arts. ※Sarugaku Dangi (1430), The stage for fundraising, about the old man, "Consideration should be given to the role of the mask box when he is young." ⑦ A woman's menstruation. A monthly thing. A monthly role. ※From the humorous book Nankyoku Ekirojaku (1789) “'Whenever it becomes "ete," it is always that way.' (Omitted) "Ete" means to become fast. 8. In games such as Hanafuda and Mahjong, the process of gathering cards that meet certain conditions in order to gain a certain number of points.

Edachi [role]

〘Noun〙 (The noun derived from the conjunctive form of the verb "edatsu (work)". In the past, it was probably "etachi " ) 1. Labor imposed on the people by the Yamato government in ancient times. In the Ritsuryo system in particular, it referred to annual labor and miscellaneous labor . ※The Chronicles (720) - Nintoku Year 11, this year (Maeda Honin) "The people of Silla pay tribute . Thus they are employed in this (etachi) . " 2. (Derived from the idea of being conscripted into war) War. Campaign. ※ Chronicles (720) October 12th year before the accession of Emperor Jimmu ( Kitano Honin) " First , he attacked and defeated the eighty owls on Kunimi Hill. It was with this in mind that the Emperor 's will would surely be fulfilled . "

Eki [role]

〘noun〙① To force people to work for official purposes. Compulsory labor. To work. To be employed. ※Kokin Chomonshu (1254), vol. 16 "Until then, the government had no power to do any work, so it was not looked down upon." ② An assigned task. A duty. A job. To be employed. ※Ukiyo-zoshi, Kindai Enkakusha (1686) , vol. 3 "Even if the power were to be strengthened, it would be a duty to the people, and it was for the purpose of governing them." ③ (from the meaning of conscripting people) War. ※Murasaki (1901) <Yosano Tekkan> A poem about leaving Japan "Why was the war of 27-28 years so cruel that we killed the descendants of our ancestors, and left the mountains and rivers of the Goryeo Peninsula to be trampled on by the Northern Barbarians in vain ?" [Zuo Zhuan in the Spring and Autumn Annals - the 13th year of the reign of Duke Huan]

Eda Tsu [role]

〘Self Ta 4〙 (Older: "Etatsu") To serve in public service. [Additional note] The "Iroha Jiruisho" has "Eu Edatsusu Rominchoya", which is probably a combination of "Edatsu" and "Edasu". In the "Kojiki", "tameyaku" and "yaku" are read as "etachi", but it is difficult to find examples of this usage.

Eki-suru [role]

〘Other suffixes〙 eki・su 〘Other suffixes〙 To make a servant. To use. ※Onin Ryakki (around 1467-70) Part 2 "The Imperial Palace was established as a camp, and the Nanban Empire's Imperial Palace was a palace for the different species."

Eta Mu [role]

〘Ta Ma 4〙 To make someone work. To make them do work. ※Records of the Western Regions of the Great Tang Dynasty, Chang Kan Year 1 (1163), 7 "The foxes are all of the same mind, and each one is able to work with the other's hearts."

Eddas [role]

〘Self-sa 4〙 = Edatsu (role) ※Kousan-ji Honmyō-shō (first in the Kamakura period) “Etasu” ※Kanchi-in Honmyō-shō (1241) “Yō Etasu”

Eki-su [role]

〘Other sa-hen〙 ⇒To travel (role)

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙① 国家が人民に課した労役。公役(くやく・こうえき)。賦役(ぶやく・ぶえき)。えだち。えき。※宇治拾遺（1221頃）四「篤昌を役に催しけるを」② 所有する物品や通行に対して課す税。※玉塵抄（1563）二〇「牌をかいて高う舟にさしあげてとをったぞ、舟のやくなどをのがれたか」③ 江戸時代、伝馬役・助郷役・百姓役など課役の略。※地方凡例録（1794）五「鎰役之事鎰役と云は、古昔は総て役を掛るに物の訳定らざるを、石高免状と云事もなく」④ 受持の仕事。役目。つとめ。官職。職務。任務。※宇津保（970‐999頃）国譲下「公卿たちに、やくつかうまつらせん」※洒落本・傾城買四十八手（1790）やすひ手「おめへがたのむつごとをきく役(ヤク)だね」⑤ 唯一の仕事。もっぱらのつとめ。→役(やく)と。※源氏（1001‐14頃）須磨「しほ垂るることをやくにて松島に、年ふるあまもなげきをぞつむ」⑥ 能楽や演劇などで各役者の受け持って扮する役目。芸の担当。※申楽談儀（1430）勧進の舞台、翁の事「面箱のやく幼きには斟酌せさすべし」⑦ 婦人の月経。月のもの。月役。※洒落本・南極駅路雀（1789）「『ゑてになるといつでもあれよ』〈略〉ゑてといふはやくになっているといふ事也」⑧ 花札・マージャンなどで、一定の点数を得るための特定の条件にかなった札がそろうこと。

え‐だち【役・】

〘名〙 (動詞「えだつ（役）」の連用形の名詞化。古くは「えたち」か)① 古代、大和政権が人民に課した労役。特に令制においては歳役(さいえき)、雑徭(ぞうよう)をいう。※書紀（720）仁徳一一年是歳（前田本訓）「新羅人朝貢(みつきたてまつ)る。則ち是の(エタチ)に労(つか)ふ」② (戦争に徴発されることから転じて) 戦争。戦役。※書紀（720）神武即位前戊午年一〇月（北野本訓）「先(ま)づ八十梟(やそたける)を国見丘に撃て破(やぶ)り斬(き)りつ。是の(エダチ)に、天皇志(みこころさし)必ず克(か)ちなむといふことを存(たも)ちたまへり」

えき【役】

〘名〙① 人民を強制して公用に使うこと。夫役(ぶやく)。やく。えだち。※古今著聞集（1254）一六「其比までは、府の役力なしとて、きらはざりけれども」② 割り当てられたつとめ。役目。職務。やく。※浮世草子・近代艷隠者（1686）三「かりにも権を厚くするは、皆民に上たる役(ヱキ)にして、人を治むる為にあり」③ (人民を徴発する意から) 戦争。※紫（1901）〈与謝野鉄幹〉日本を去る歌「二十七八年の役(エキ)何んが故に父祖の子孫を殺して、高麗半島の山河空しく北夷の蹂に委(い)したる」〔春秋左伝‐桓公一三年〕