Geographer born in Rupermonde, East Flanders, Netherlands. Known as the father of modern cartography. His Flemish name was Gerhard Kremer Mercator. He studied mathematics, astronomy, and geography at the University of Leuven. He produced the first world map in 1538, a terrestrial globe in 1541, and a celestial globe in 1551 (both globes are housed in the Tenri Library in Nara). In 1552, he established a research institute in Duisburg, Germany, and devoted the latter half of his life to cartography. In 1554, he completed a large 15-sheet map of Europe, in 1564 a large 8-sheet map of England, and in 1569, he completed the famous Mercator world map. This was the first map he used as a nautical chart, and it has been widely used ever since, making Mercator's name eternal in the history of science. [Masami Ichikawa] [References] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
オランダ、東フランドルのルペルモンド生まれの地理学者。近代地図学の祖といわれる。フランドル名はGerhard Kremer Mercator。ルーバン大学で数学、天文学、地理学を学んだ。1538年に初めて世界図を、1541年に地球儀を、1551年に天球儀を製作した(両球儀とも奈良・天理図書館に収蔵)。1552年にドイツのデュースブルクに研究所を設立し、地図製作に後半生を捧(ささ)げた。1554年には15枚の大ヨーロッパ地図を、1564年には8枚からなるイギリスの大掛け地図を完成し、1569年には有名なメルカトル世界図を完成した。この図を航海図として彼が最初に用い、その後現在に至るまで広く普及し、メルカトルの名は科学史上永遠に残ることとなった。 [市川正巳] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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