Mechelen (English spelling)

Japanese: メヘレン（英語表記）Mechelen

Malines in French. A commercial and industrial city in the lowlands along the Dijle River in the province of Antwerp in northern Belgium. It is located almost halfway between Antwerp and Brussels. It is the only archbishopric in Belgium. After becoming the Duchy of Liège in the 11th century, it developed as a port city trading with Lachat and fish. It passed through the County of Flanders and the Duchy of Burgundy, and at the end of the 15th century, under the influence of the Habsburgs, it became the capital of the Netherlands under the rule of Margareta of Austria, who became governor in the early 16th century, and reached its peak as a cultural center. The capital was later moved to Brussels, but the archbishopric was established in 1559. It is a key location for railway and road transportation, and traditional industries such as lacework, which flourished in the 17th and 18th centuries, tapestry, and furniture manufacturing developed in the city. Modern industries such as beer, machinery, railway car-related industries, cement building materials, chemicals, and food processing are also located here. The surrounding area is the country's number one horticultural region, and has one of the largest vegetable markets in Western Europe. Historical buildings remain, such as St. Rombout Cathedral (13th-15th century), which has altarpieces by Flemish masters such as Van Dyck and Rubens, the Renaissance-style Margareta Palace (which has served as a court of law since 1796), and the City Hall (1526). Population: 75,352 (1991 estimate).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

フランス語ではマリーヌ Malines。ベルギー北部，アントウェルペン州のダイレ川沿岸低地にある商工業都市。アントウェルペンとブリュッセルとのほぼ中間に位置する。ベルギー唯一の大司教座がおかれている。 11世紀リエージュ司教公領になってから，ラシャと魚の取引を行う港町として発達。フランドル伯領，ブルゴーニュ公領を経て 15世紀末にはハプスブルク家の勢力下でネーデルラントの最高裁判所がおかれ，16世紀初頭に総督となったオーストリアのマルガレータ治世下でネーデルラントの首都となり，文化の中心地として最盛期を迎えた。のち，首都はブリュッセルに移転したが，1559年大司教座がおかれた。鉄道，道路交通の要地で，17～18世紀に栄えたレース細工をはじめ，タペストリー，家具製造などの在来工業が発達。ビール，機械，鉄道車両関連工業，セメント建材，化学，食品加工業などの近代工業も立地。周辺部は国内第1の園芸地帯で，西ヨーロッパ有数の野菜市場がある。ファン・ダイク，ルーベンスなどフランドル派巨匠たちの祭壇画のあるシント・ロンバウト大聖堂 (13～15世紀) ，ルネサンス様式のマルガレータの宮殿 (1796以後裁判所) ，市庁舎 (1526) などの歴史的建築物が残存する。人口7万 5352 (1991推計) 。

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