Meteora

Japanese: メテオラ
Meteora
Registered as a Greek World Heritage Site (mixed heritage site) in 1988, Meteora is a group of Christian (Greek Orthodox) monasteries located in a deep, steep gorge formed by the Pinios River and the Pindus Mountains in the northern part of the Thessaly region in central Greece. Meteora is a Greek word meaning "floating in mid-air," and as the name suggests, these monasteries are built on top of steep, strangely shaped rocks. The first monasteries were built here in the late 14th century Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire. From then until the 16th century during the Ottoman Empire, a total of 24 monasteries were built, all of which were built on top of steeple-like rocks 20 to 400 meters high, avoiding the secular world. Of the 24 monasteries, six are still active as monasteries: Great Meteoron Monastery (Metamorphosis Monastery), Varlaam Monastery, Roussanou (Roussanou) Monastery (female monastery since 1950), St. Nicholas Monastery, St. Stefanos Monastery (female monastery since 1961), and St. Triada Monastery. These monasteries, like Mount Athos (World Heritage Site) in the north of the country, have strict rules and are of great historical and cultural value as a treasure trove of post-Byzantine art, including medieval liturgical objects and woodcarvings, Cretan-style frescoes and icons. Both the unique landscape of the strangely shaped rocks and these monasteries are World Heritage Sites. In recent years, Meteora has rapidly become a tourist destination, making it less suitable for monastic life that shuns the secular world, and so more and more monks are moving to Mount Athos. English name: Meteora

Source: Kodansha World Heritage Sites Detailed Explanation Information

Japanese:
1988年に登録されたギリシアの世界遺産(複合遺産)で、同国中部、テッサリア地方北部のピニオス川とピンドス山脈がつくる深く険しい峡谷に位置する、キリスト教(ギリシア正教)の修道院群。メテオラは「中空に浮かぶ(宙に浮いた)」という意味のギリシア語だが、その名前どおり、これらの修道院は切り立った奇岩の頂上に建設されている。ここに修道院が初めて建設されたのは、14世紀の東ローマ(ビザンチン)帝国時代後期。それ以降、オスマン帝国時代の16世紀頃までを通じて、合計24の修道院が建設されたが、いずれも高さ20~400mの尖塔状の奇岩の頂上に世俗を避けるように建てられている。24の修道院のうち、大メテオロン修道院(メタモルフォシス修道院)、ヴァルラアム修道院、ルサヌウ(ルサノウ)修道院(1950年から女子修道院)、聖ニコラオス修道院、聖ステファノス修道院(1961年から女子修道院)、聖トリアダ修道院の6つは現在も修道院として活動を続けている。これらの修道院は同国北部のアトス山(世界遺産)と同様、厳格な戒律が守られており、中世の典礼用具や木彫品、クレタ様式のフレスコ画やイコン(聖画像)など、ポスト・ビザンチン様式の宝庫として歴史・文化的な価値が高い。奇岩が連なる独特の景観とこれらの修道院群の両方が世界遺産とされている。近年、メテオラは観光地化が急速に進み、世俗を避ける修道生活に適さなくなりつつあることから、アトス山に移る修道士も増えているという。◇英名はMeteora

出典 講談社世界遺産詳解について 情報

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