Umar b. al-Khhaṭṭāb

Japanese: ウマル[1世]（英語表記）‘Umar b.al‐Khhaṭṭāb

?-644
The second caliph. Reigned 634-644. Also known as the Paul of Islam, he was the true founder of the Islamic state. He was also called Omar. He initially persecuted the Prophet Muhammad in Mecca, but later repented and became a Muslim. After Muhammad's death, he promoted Abu Bakr's accession to the caliphate, thus thwarting the ambitions of the Ansar. After assuming his position as the second caliph, he led the conquest of Iraq, Syria, and Egypt, and devoted himself to organizing the Islamic state, including the construction of military camps (misr), the appointment of emirs and amirs, and the provision of attars and rizqs to Arab warriors.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

？‐644
第2代正統カリフ。在位634‐644年。イスラムのパウロとも称され，イスラム国家の真の建設者。オマルともよばれる。初めメッカで預言者ムハンマドを迫害したが，改悛してムスリムとなった。ムハンマド没後，アブー･バクルのカリフ就任を推進してアンサールの野望を断った。第2代カリフに就任後は，イラク，シリア，エジプトの征服を指導し，軍営都市(ミスル)の建設，アミール，アーミルの任命，アラブ戦士へのアターとリズクの支給など，イスラム国家の組織化に全力を傾注した。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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