Meganthropus - Megantropus (English spelling)

Japanese: メガントロプス - めがんとろぷす(英語表記)Meganthropus
Meganthropus - Megantropus (English spelling)

This fossil human was excavated from Sangiran in central Java. Its scientific name, M. palaeojavanicus , means "old Java giant." It was discovered in Lower Pleistocene (Pleistocene) strata by Dutch anthropologist Königswald in 1941, and by Indonesian anthropologist Marx in 1953. The fragments of the lower jaw bones are as large as a gorilla, but the premolars and molars are human. At one time, German anthropologist Weidenreich proposed the theory that humans were ancestrally giants based on this specimen and Gigantopithecus, and South African Robinson linked this specimen to Australopithecus, but both theories have now been abandoned. It would be best to consider it a large early man, but due to a lack of specimens, future research is awaited. A specimen excavated in Galusi, Tanzania in 1939 was called Méganthropus africanus, but is now considered to be Australopithecus africanus.

[Shise Kahara]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ジャワ島中部のサンギラン出土の化石人類。学名のメガントロプス・パラエオジャワニクスM. palaeojavanicusは、古いジャワの巨人の意。1941年にオランダの人類学者ケーニヒスワルトが、53年にはインドネシアのマルクスが下部更新世(洪積世)地層より発見。左右の下顎(かがく)骨破片はゴリラ並みの大きさであるが、小臼歯(きゅうし)や大臼歯は人類的である。一時期ドイツの人類学者ワイデンライヒが本標本とギガントピテクスをもとに人類祖先巨人説を唱え、また南アフリカのロビンソンは本標本をアウストラロピテクス類と結び付けたが、今日ではいずれも立ち消えている。大型の原人とみるのがよいようであるが、標本が不十分なため、将来の研究がまたれる。なお、1939年タンザニアのガルーシ出土の標本はメガントロプス・アフリカヌスとよばれたが、今日ではアウストラロピテクス・アフリカヌスだとされている。

[香原志勢]

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