The political upheaval of Meiji 14

Japanese: 明治14年の政変 - めいじじゅうよねんのせいへん

An incident in which Councillor Okuma Shigenobu and his party were expelled from the government in 1881 (Meiji 14). In 1880, the civil rights faction's petition movement for the establishment of a national Diet reached its peak, and the government decided to establish a constitution and open a national Diet, but there was a clash over the timing of the opening, with Okuma calling for immediate opening and Ito Hirobumi and Inoue Kowashi calling for gradual opening. In March 1881, Okuma, without consulting Ito, submitted his radical opinions to the shogunate through the Left Minister Arisugawa. When Ito learned of this at the end of June, the conflict with Okuma intensified. Around this time, the Hokkaido Development Agency's public property transfer incident occurred, and the civil rights faction intensified its attacks on the government. The anti-Okuma faction claimed that this was an anti-government conspiracy carried out by Okuma in league with Fukuzawa Yukichi and others, and dismissed Okuma and his party in October. At the same time, an imperial decree was issued stating that the National Diet would be opened in 1890 and that a constitution would be enacted before then, setting in motion the creation of a Prussian-style imperial constitution, halting the transfer of government property from the Hokkaido Colonization Agency, establishing a Satsuma-Choshu clan government centered around Ito and Inoue Kaoru, and determining the subsequent direction of the formation of the Meiji state system.
→ Related topics National Diet Promotion Alliance | Saburo Shimada | Liberal Party (Japan) | Freedom and Civil Rights | Ochi Fukuchi | Masayoshi Matsukata | Ryukei Yano

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

1881年（明治14年）参議大隈重信とその一派が政府から追放された事件。1880年民権派の国会開設請願運動は頂点に達し，政府は憲法制定と国会開設を決意したが，開設時期に関して大隈は即時開設，伊藤博文，井上毅(こわし)は漸進的意見で対立した。1881年３月大隈は伊藤にはからず急進的な意見を左大臣有栖川(ありすがわ)宮を経て上奏。これを６月末伊藤が知り大隈との対立が激化した。このころ開拓使官有物払下事件が起こり，民権派の政府攻撃が高まった。反大隈派はこれを大隈が福沢諭吉らと結んで行った反政府陰謀であるとして，10月大隈とその一派を罷免した。同時に1890年を期して国会を開設し，その前に憲法制定を行うという詔書を公にして，プロイセン的な欽定憲法の制定にのりだすとともに，開拓使官有物払下を中止，伊藤・井上馨(かおる)を中心とする薩長藩閥政権を確立，明治国家体制形成のその後の方向を決定した。
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