Born: February 12, 1859 in Lublin [Died] December 2, 1933. Paris. A French philosopher born in Poland (residing there since 1882). He studied chemistry in Germany and France, but did not become a teacher. Reflecting on his extensive knowledge of the history of science, he developed an epistemology that he himself called the "philosophy of the intellect." He criticized positivism, claiming that the ultimate goal of science is also ontological, that of grasping reality. He argued that cognition is the discovery of identity in seemingly diverse phenomena, and that the law of causality is nothing more than the law of identity applied to temporal phenomena. His major works are Identité et réalité (Identity and Reality) (1908) and De l'explication dans les sciences (Explanation in the Sciences) (21). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
[生]1859.2.12. ルブリン [没]1933.12.2. パリ ポーランド生れのフランス (1882以後定住) の哲学者。ドイツとフランスで化学を学んだが,教職にはつかなかった。広範な科学史の知識に反省を加えつつ,彼自身が「知性の哲学」と呼んだ認識論を展開した。科学の終極目標もまた実在をとらえるという存在論的なものであるとして,実証主義を批判。認識とは一見多様な現象のなかに同一性を見出していくことであり,因果律も時間現象に適用された同一律にほかならないとした。主著『同一性と現実』 Identité et réalité (1908) ,『科学における説明』 De l'explication dans les sciences (21) 。 出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
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