Rebellion - Muhon

Japanese: 謀叛 - むほん

Treason against the state, rulers, and those in power, such as the Emperor, the Imperial Court, a sovereign, or a master. In the Ritsuryo system, the first item in the Meireiritsu section is the crime of treason against the Emperor and state, which stipulates the following three clauses: (1) Treason (colloquially read as "muhen"): the crime of attempting to murder the Emperor, where muhen refers to a joint conspiracy by two or more people, and the mere act of plotting was punishable by execution. (2) Plotting high treason: for the crime of plotting to damage the Imperial Mausoleum or the Imperial Palace, execution was punishable by hanging, and if the crime was carried out, execution was punishable by execution for high treason. (3) Plotting rebellion: for the crime of attempting exile, surrender, or communicating with a foreign country, execution was punishable by hanging, and if the crime was carried out, execution was punishable by execution.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

天皇，朝廷，君主，主人など国家，為政者，権力者に対する反逆。律令制では名例律の最初に天皇，国家に対する反逆罪を掲げ，次の3項を規定する。(1)謀反(慣用で〈むへん〉と読む)　天皇に対する殺人予備罪で，謀は2人以上の共同謀議をさし，謀議しただけで斬刑。(2)謀大逆　御陵，皇居の損壊を謀る罪で絞刑，実行に移れば大逆として斬刑。(3)謀叛　亡命，投降を図り，また外国に通ずるなどの罪で絞刑，実行に移れば斬刑。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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