Flagellant (English spelling)

Japanese: むち打ち苦行者(鞭打ち苦行者) - むちうちくぎょうしゃ(英語表記)flagellant
Flagellant (English spelling)
A heretical Christian movement in the Middle Ages. Originally, flagellation was a punishment for breaking rules, but later it came to be used as a means of penance and repentance. The first mass instances of flagellation were in 13th-century Italy, where people performed flagellation to warn of the approaching end of the world and denounce moral decadence. In 1261, it was banned as being against Christian doctrine. The largest scale was in 1348, during the Black Death (plague) pandemic.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:
中世における異端的キリスト教運動の一つ。本来,鞭打ちは規則違反に対する懲罰であったが,のちにこのことから逆に,苦行と改悔の手段として採用されるようにもなった。13世紀イタリアにおいて,世界終末の接近を警告し,道徳的退廃を非難して鞭打ち苦行を行ったものが,最初の集団的な事例である。1261年には,キリスト教教義に反するものとして禁じられている。1348年,黒死病(ペスト)の大流行に際してのものが,とりわけ大規模であった。

出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報

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