A case where the accused is not found to have committed a crime, or a trial to that effect. There are two cases: when the evidence does not prove a criminal fact, and when the accused's case does not constitute a crime (Criminal Procedure Code, Article 336). The accused is presumed innocent, so unless the fact of a crime is conclusively proven, he or she must be found not guilty. When a verdict of not guilty is finalized, the accused can receive compensation from the state for the costs incurred in the trial, and if he or she was detained before trial, can claim compensation for this (Criminal Procedure Code, Article 188-2; Constitution, Article 40; Criminal Compensation Law, Article 1). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
被告人が罪を犯したと認められないこと,またはその旨の裁判。証拠上犯罪事実が認められない場合と,被告事件が犯罪を構成しない場合とがある (刑事訴訟法 336) 。被告人は無罪の推定を受けているから,犯罪事実が確実に立証されないかぎり,無罪を言い渡さなければならない。無罪の判決が確定したときは,被告人であった者は,国から裁判に要した費用の補償を受けることができるほか,未決拘禁を受けていた場合には,これに対する補償を請求することができる (刑事訴訟法 188条の2,憲法 40,刑事補償法1) 。
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