A social system or organizational principle that distinguishes the social status of people or families into structural hierarchies using status as a measure. It is often used as a translation of the word "hierarchy," but while hierarchy refers to the totality of hierarchical (dominating and subordinate) relationships between people or similar objects organized in a pyramid shape, status stratification emphasizes the formation of structural layers, and in this respect the two are distinguished. In feudal society and pre-World War II Japanese society, an individual's social status (status) was often determined by the value of the family to which the individual belonged, so status stratification is often understood as a family hierarchy, that is, a cross-sectional hierarchy of family rank. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
身分を尺度として人あるいは家の社会的地位を構断的な階層によって区別する社会制度あるいはその組織原理のこと。しばしばヒエラルヒーhierarchieの訳語としても用いられるが,ヒエラルヒーがピラミッド型に組織された人あるいはそれに準じた対象の上下の序列(支配従属)関係の総体を示すのに対して,身分階層制は構断的な層が形成されていることに力点が置かれており,両者はこの点で区別される。 封建社会や第2次大戦前の日本社会では,個人の社会的地位(身分)がその個人の属する家の価値によって決定される場合が多いので,身分階層も家の階層,すなわち家格の横断的階層として理解されることが多い。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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