Minamoto no Morofusa - Minamoto no Morofusa

A nobleman in the mid-Heian period. Grand Minister of State and Junior First Rank. Grandson of Emperor Murakami. Eldest son of Prince Tomohira. Childhood name Masunomiya. His mother was the daughter of Prince Tamehira. On December 26, 1020 (4th year of Kannin), he came of age at age 13 (some say age 11). He was given the surname Minamoto Ason and changed his real name, Sukesada. In January of the same year, he was promoted to Junior Fourth Rank and entered the palace. He was adopted by Yorimichi. In the 24th year (1st year of Manju), he married Michinaga's daughter Takashi. He was promoted to Junior Third Rank. In 892 (Chogen 2), he was promoted from Junior Third Rank to Junior Second Rank and became Saemon no Kami (he was appointed as a noble in 8930). In 8938, he wrote a preface to a poem and composed a poem when the Empress Dowager (Jotomon'in) made a pilgrimage to Sumiyoshi. He often contributed prefaces to waka poetry gatherings, and in 8936 (Eisho 4), he served as a judge at the "Eisho 4th Year Imperial Palace Poetry Gathering". In 904 (Kōhei 2), his daughter Reiko married Minamoto no Morozane. After serving as Udaisho (Minister of the Right) and Naidaijin (Minister of the Interior), he became Udaijin (Minister of the Right) in 912 (Enkyō 1). In 914 (Jōhō 1), he was promoted to Junior First Rank. The following year, he received imperial permission to enter and leave the palace gates in an ox-drawn carriage, and he also served as Udaisho (Minister of the Left) and Crown Prince's messenger. He suffered from smallpox from the first month of the year 77 (Shoryaku 1), and on February 17, he received an imperial decree appointing him as Grand Minister of State, but he died on the same day. He was the ancestor of the Murakami Genji clan, and was known as the Minister of the Right, Tsuchimikado, and wrote a diary called Doyuki. He also participated in a poetry contest with Morofusa, which shows that he had a deep interest in waka poetry.

[Yutaka Yamanaka]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

平安中期の公卿(くぎょう)。太政(だいじょう)大臣、従(じゅ)一位。村上(むらかみ)天皇の孫。具平(ともひら)親王の長子。幼名ます宮。母は為平(ためひら)親王の娘。1020年（寛仁4）12月26日、13歳（11歳説もあり）で元服。源朝臣(あそん)の姓を賜り、本名の資定(すけさだ)を改名した。この年正月、従四位下(げ)となり、昇殿。頼通(よりみち)の養子となる。24年（万寿1）道長の娘尊子と結婚。従三位(さんみ)となる。29年（長元2）正三位より従二位、左衛門督(さえもんのかみ)（「公卿補任(くぎょうぶにん)」は30年）となる。31年女院（上東門院）の住吉詣(すみよしもう)でに歌の序を書き和歌を詠んでいる。和歌会に序題を献ずることも多く、49年（永承4）「永承(えいしょう)4年内裏(だいり)歌会」では判者を勤仕した。59年（康平2）娘麗子は源師実(もろざね)と結婚。右大将、内大臣を経て69年（延久1）には右大臣。74年（承保1）従一位。翌年牛車に乗り宮門の出入りの勅許あり、また左大将、皇太子傳(ふ)を兼ねた。77年（承暦1）正月より疱瘡(ほうそう)を患い、2月17日、太政大臣に任ずるの勅宣を受けたが、同日、薨(こう)じた。村上源氏の祖であり、土御門(つちみかど)右大臣と称され、日記『土右記(どゆうき)』がある。また、師房の歌合(うたあわせ)もあり、和歌にも関心の深かったことがわかる。

［山中　裕］

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