Polyneikes (English spelling)

Japanese: Polyneikēs（英語表記）Polyneikes

…the commander of the Seven Attackers who fought against Thebes, famous for the tragedy by Aeschylus. He led an army to make Polyneices, the son of Oedipus, king of his native Thebes, but was defeated and he was the only one to return alive. Ten years later, he led the sons of those killed in battle back to Thebes (the Epigoni, or descendants of the Epigoni) and avenged his defeat, but his own son was killed and he died in grief.

From Antigone

…When Oedipus became blind and left the country, she accompanied her father on his journey and cared for him until he died at Colonus, a suburb of Athens. After that, she returned to her homeland, but when her two brothers, Polyneikes and Eteokles, were both killed in battle in a fight for the throne, her uncle Creon, who had just become king, branded Polyneikes a traitor for attacking Thebes with seven generals from Argos and forbade his burial. However, she broke the law and performed the funeral of her eldest brother, so she was arrested, buried alive in an underground tomb, and hanged herself. …

From the Theban Legend

…He tried to escape the terrible oracle of Delphi, which warned him that he would "kill his father and take his mother as wife," but ended up fulfilling it, and the circumstances in which this truth was revealed are shown in Sophocles' tragedy Oedipus Rex, and his mysterious end in a sacred grove in Athens after wandering around the country with his daughter Antigone is depicted in the same author's Oedipus at Colonus. Later, a dispute arose between his two sons Eteokles and Polyneikes over the succession to the throne, and the latter, relying on a foreign power, launched an expedition against his homeland, and the two were killed in a mutual slaying. The whole story of the battle for Thebes is depicted in tragedies such as Aeschylus's Seven Against Thebes, Sophocles' Antigone, and Euripides' Phoenician Women and Women Seeking Salvation. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Polyneikēs" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…アイスキュロスの悲劇で名高い〈テーバイ攻めの七将〉の総帥。オイディプスの子ポリュネイケスPolyneikēsをその祖国テーバイに王たらしめんと，七将の頭として軍を進めたが，大敗を喫し，彼1人が生還した。10年後，彼は戦死者の息子たちを率いて再びテーバイを攻め(エピゴノイ―後裔―の遠征)，先の敗戦の雪辱をとげたが，みずからの息子を討たれ，悲嘆のうちに世を去った。…

【アンティゴネ】より

…オイディプスがみずから盲目となって国を出たとき，彼女は父の手を引いて放浪の旅につき従い，彼がアテナイ近郊のコロノスで世を去るまで，孝養をつくした。その後，彼女は故国に帰ったが，王位をめぐる争いで2人の兄ポリュネイケスPolyneikēsとエテオクレスEteoklēsがともに戦死したとき，新しく王位についた叔父のクレオンは，アルゴスの七将とともにテーバイに攻め寄せたポリュネイケスを反逆者ときめつけ，その埋葬を禁じた。しかし彼女は禁を犯して長兄の葬礼を行ったため，捕らえられて地下の墓場に生きながら葬られ，みずから縊死（いし）した。…

【テーベ伝説】より

…彼が〈父を殺し，母を妻とするであろう〉という恐るべきデルフォイの神託を逃れようとして，結局は神託を成就し，その事実の露呈する経緯はソフォクレスの悲劇《オイディプス王》の示すところであり，娘アンティゴネと諸国流浪の末，アテナイの聖森で迎えるその不思議な最期は同じ作者の《コロノスのオイディプス》に描かれる。その後，王位継承にからんで2人の子エテオクレスEteoklēsとポリュネイケスPolyneikēsの間に争いが生じ，外国勢力に拠った後者が祖国に向かって遠征軍を起こし，二人は相討ちに果てる。テーベ攻防の一部始終はアイスキュロス作《テーバイに向かう七将》，ソフォクレス作《アンティゴネ》，エウリピデス作《フェニキアの女たち》《救いを求める女たち》などの悲劇に扱われている。…

※「Polyneikēs」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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