Minahasa people - Minahasa tribe (English spelling)

Japanese: ミナハサ族 - ミナハサぞく（英語表記）Minahasan

A Proto-Malay ethnic group living on the Minahasa Peninsula in the north of Sulawesi, Indonesia. They are also called the Menadians after their main city and port, Menado. Their population is estimated at about 1 million. Their language is related to that of the Philippines. Although they live in mountainous areas, the soil is fertile, so they cultivate upland and wet rice, as well as corn, sago palm, and tobacco, and they also fish. They raise buffalo, horses, goats, and pigs. Villages share land, and the village chief allocates farmland to each household annually according to their needs, but private land has recently increased. Descent is bilateral, and in some places kinship groups have been formed. Marriages are generally arranged by an intermediary, and the matrilineal residence system is followed. Weddings include the payment of a dowry and a banquet, and monogamy is the rule. Society is hierarchically divided into nobles, freemen, and slaves. There was also frequent fighting between kinship groups, with headhunting as the main purpose. The area was influenced by European culture from an early stage, and today the majority of the inhabitants are Christians, with some Muslims. Ancestor worship and sacrificial festivals are popular, and shamans are used to treat illnesses.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

インドネシアのスラウェシ島北部のミナハサ半島に住むプロト・マレー系の民族。主要な都市であり港でもあるメナドにちなんでメナド人とも呼ばれる。人口約 100万と推定される。言語はフィリピンの言語と親縁関係にある。山岳地帯であるが土地が肥沃なので，陸稲・水稲耕作を行うほか，とうもろこし，サゴやし，たばこなども栽培し，漁業も行う。水牛，馬，やぎ，豚を飼育する。村は土地を共有し，村長が毎年各世帯の必要に応じて耕地を割当てるが，最近では私有地がふえている。出自は双系をたどり，親族集団が形成されているところもある。一般に結婚は仲介人が取決め，妻方居住制をとる。結婚式は婚資の支払いと祝宴を含み，一夫一婦制が原則である。社会は階層的に貴族，自由人，奴隷に分れていた。親族集団間で首狩りを主目的とする戦闘も盛んであった。早くからヨーロッパ文化の影響を受け，現在住民の大部分はキリスト教徒となっている。一部にイスラム教徒がいる。祖霊崇拝と，供犠祭宴が盛んであり，シャーマンによる病気治療も行われている。

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