Orchis graminifolia (Butterfly Orchid)

Japanese: ウチョウラン(羽蝶蘭) - ウチョウラン（英語表記）Orchis graminifolia

A perennial plant of the orchid family. It is found in the Kanto region and west of Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, and the southern part of the Korean Peninsula, growing on the moist rock faces of low mountains. Sometimes it grows on roofs, and its morphology varies greatly depending on the region. The stem is 10-20 cm tall, slightly upward slanting, and bears 2-3 thin leaves, 7-12 cm long and 3-7 mm wide. It flowers from June to August. It produces short racemes, and 5-10 crimson-purple flowers, 1 cm in diameter, open to one side. The lip petal is large and deeply divided into three lobes, and the spur is long and curved at the tip. Its appearance resembles that of a butterfly with its wings spread, hence the name "wing butterfly orchid." The white-flowered variety is called white butterfly orchid, and the short-spur variety from Kyushu's Kurokami Mountain is called O. graminifolia var. kurokamiana .

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

ラン科の多年草。関東以西の本州，四国，九州，朝鮮半島南部に分布し，低山の湿った岩壁に着生する。ときに屋根の上に着生することもあり，地域によっては形態の変異が著しい。茎は高さ 10～20cmでやや斜上し，長さ7～12cm，幅3～7mmの細い葉を2～3枚つける。花期は6～8月。短い総状花序を出して，径 1cmの紅紫色の花を5～10個一方向きに開く。唇弁は大きく3深裂して開出し，距は長く先が彎曲する。この姿が羽を広げた蝶に似ていることから「羽蝶蘭」の名がある。白花品をシロバナウチョウラン，九州黒髪山産の距の短い変種をクロカミラン O.graminifolia var.kurokamianaという。

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