Water God - Mikumari no Kami

Japanese: 水分神 - みくまりのかみ
Water God - Mikumari no Kami

A god in charge of the distribution of running water. "Kuma-ri" means "to distribute." According to the Kojiki, the children of Hayaakitsuhiko-no-Kami and Hayaakitsuhime-no-Kami are the two gods Ame-no-Mikubi-no-Kami and Kuni-no-Mikubi-no-Kami. There are shrines throughout Japan that worship Mizubun-no-Kami, but among the shrines listed in the Engi Shikinai, there are the Mizubun-no-Kami Shrines of Katsuragi, Yoshino, Uda, and Tsuge in Yamato Province (Nara Prefecture), Tate Mizubun-no-Kami Shrine in Kawachi Province, and Ame-no-Mikubi-no-Toyura-no-Mikoto Shrine in Settsu Province (both in Osaka Prefecture). In particular, the Shoku Nihongi records that Yoshino Mikumari Shrine offered a horse to pray for rain in 698 (the second year of Emperor Mommu's reign). Although the shrine is the god of water and agriculture, the name "kumari" later became corrupted to "komori" (babysitter) and the shrine came to be worshiped as the protector of children.

[Shoji Inoguchi]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

流水の分配をつかさどる神。「くまり」は「配る」の意。『古事記』によると、速秋津日子神(はやあきつひこのかみ)と速秋津比売(ひめ)神との子に、天之(あめの)水分神と国之(くにの)水分神の二神がある。水分神を祀(まつ)る神社は全国にあるが、延喜(えんぎ)式内社では大和(やまと)国(奈良県)の葛木(かつらぎ)、吉野、宇太(うだ)、都祁(つげ)の水分神社、河内(かわち)国の建(たて)水分神社、摂津(せっつ)国の天(あめの)水分豊浦命(とゆらのみこと)神社(ともに大阪府)などがある。なかでも吉野水分神社に関しては、698年(文武天皇2)に雨乞(あまご)いのために馬を献じたことが『続日本紀(しょくにほんぎ)』にみえる。水の神、農耕の神であるが、のちには「くまり」を「こもり」(子守り)と訛(なま)り、子供守護の神として信仰されるようになった。

[井之口章次]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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