Shell - Kaku (English spelling)

Japanese: 殻 - かく（英語表記）shell

This is seen in the structure of containers such as spherical tanks, where the central plane passing through the center of the plate thickness is curved, and the plate thickness is significantly smaller than the radius of curvature and in-plane dimensions of the curved surface. It is also called a curved plate or shell. It is more difficult to analyze than a flat plate, and generally one of the following theories is applied depending on the degree of simplification. (1) Membrane theory Ignores the bending moment and lateral shear forces of the plate, and only considers the stress within the plate's plane. (2) Bending theory Considers the in-plane stress and bending stress of the plate to the same extent. (3) Non-stretching theory Only deals with resistance to bending. It is named after the fact that the central plane of the plate does not expand or contract even when it is deformed. (→ Shell structure)

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

球形タンクなどの容器類の構造にみられるもので，板厚の中央を通る中央面が曲面をなし，曲面の曲率半径および面内寸法に比べて板の厚さが著しく小さいものをいう。曲面板，シェルともいう。平板よりも解析が難しく，一般には簡易化の程度に応じて次のいずれかの理論を適用する。(1) 膜理論　板の曲げモーメントと横剪断力を無視し，板の面内の応力のみを考える。(2) 曲げ理論　板の面内応力と曲げ応力を同程度に考慮する。(3) 伸びなし理論　曲げに対する抵抗のみを取り扱う。変形しても，板の中央面は伸縮しないことに由来して名づけられている。（→シェル構造）

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