Boltzmann's principle

Japanese: ボルツマンの原理 - ボルツマンノゲンリ
Boltzmann's principle

If the thermodynamic probability of a system is W , the entropy is S , and the Boltzmann constant is k , then

S = k ln W

This refers to the relationship between the two. The entropy of an isolated system (constant energy) increases due to spontaneous processes. On the other hand, under conditions of constant energy, spontaneous processes in the system occur with a greater probability. Therefore, it is predicted that there is a relationship between these two. If we now consider two systems together, the total entropy is the sum of the entropies of both, while the probability is the product of the two. Based on this, L. Boltzmann (1896) first stated that

S = k ln W + constant

Later, M. Planck (1912) assumed this constant to be 0, and obtained the above equation. This relationship is the basis of modern statistical thermodynamics.

Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition

Japanese:

一つの系の熱力学的確率をW,エントロピーをS,ボルツマン定数をkとするとき,

Sk ln W

の関係をいう.孤立系(エネルギー一定)のエントロピーは自発的過程によって増加する.一方,エネルギー一定の条件では,系の自発的過程はより確率の大きいほうに起こる.したがって,この両者の間に関係があることが予測される.いま,二つの系を一緒に考えれば,全エントロピーは両者のエントロピーの和になり,一方,確率は両者の積になる.このことから,最初,L. Boltzmann(1896年)は,

Sk ln W + 定数

とおいた.その後,M. Planck(プランク)(1912年)はこの定数を0と仮定して,前述の式を得た.この関係は今日の統計熱力学の基礎となっている.

出典 森北出版「化学辞典(第2版)」化学辞典 第2版について 情報

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