Bowman, Sir William

Japanese: ボーマン(英語表記)Bowman, Sir William
Bowman, Sir William
Born 20 July 1816 in Nantwich, Cheshire
[Died] March 29, 1892. British anatomist, physiologist, and ophthalmologist from near Dorking. Entered the Faculty of Medicine at the University of London in 1837, and worked at King's College Hospital at the age of 25. He began researching the fine structure of various tissues, and between 1841 and 1842 published research papers on the structure and function of voluntary muscle, the fine structure of the liver, and the structure and function of the kidneys. His research on the kidneys was particularly important, and the glomerular capsule, which is involved in filtering urine, is also known as Bowman's capsule. He then began researching the eye, and became a physician at the Royal Eye Hospital in London in 1846. He was the first president of the British Society of Ophthalmology from 1880 to 1883. He invented and performed numerous eye surgical procedures.

Bowman
Borman, Frank

Born March 14, 1928, Indiana. American astronaut. After graduating from the United States Military Academy (1950), he served in the Air Force and trained as a pilot. In 1957, he obtained a master's degree in aeronautical engineering from California Institute of Technology. He then taught at the United States Military Academy and other institutions, and in 1962 was selected as one of the second class of astronauts. In December 1965, he flew aboard Gemini 7 with J. Lovell, orbiting the Earth 220 times and successfully rendezvoused for the first time with Gemini 6. In December 1968, he flew aboard Apollo 8 with astronauts Lovell and W. Anders, becoming the first man to travel to the Moon and returning after 10 orbits around the Moon. In January 1970, he retired from NASA.

Bowman
Bowman, Isaiah

Born December 26, 1878 in Waterloo, Ontario
[Died] January 6, 1950. Baltimore, Maryland. American geographer. He worked in government and helped develop the Association of American Geographers into an international society. He later served as president of Johns Hopkins University (1935-48). He participated in the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 as an advisor to President W. Wilson and the American delegation. During the presidency of F. Roosevelt, he consulted on science and national policy. His major works include The New World, Problems in Political Geography (4th ed., 28).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1816.7.20. チェシャー,ナントウィッチ
[没]1892.3.29. ドーキング近郊
イギリスの解剖学者,生理学者,眼科医。 1837年にロンドン大学医学部に入り,25歳でキングズカレッジ病院に勤務。種々の組織の微細構造の研究を始め,41~42年の間に随意筋の構造と機能,肝臓の微細構造,腎臓の構造と機能などについての研究報告を出した。特に重要なのは腎臓の研究で,尿のろ過にあずかる糸球体嚢はボーマン嚢とも呼ばれている。次いで眼の研究に入り,46年にロンドン王立眼科病院の医師になった。 80~83年イギリス眼科学会初代会長。数多くの眼科手術法を創案,実施した。

ボーマン
Borman, Frank

[生]1928.3.14. インディアナ,ギャリー
アメリカの宇宙飛行士。陸軍士官学校卒業 (1950) 後,空軍に勤務,パイロットとしての訓練を受ける。 1957年カリフォルニア工科大学から航空工学で修士の学位を取得。その後陸軍士官学校などで教え,62年第2期宇宙飛行士の一人に選ばれた。 65年 12月ジェミニ7号に J.ラベルとともに乗り,地球を 220周し,ジェミニ6号と初めてのランデブーに成功。次いで,68年 12月ラベル,W.アンダース両宇宙飛行士とともにアポロ8号で初めて月に向い,月のまわりを 10周して帰還した。 70年1月アメリカ航空宇宙局 (NASA) を退職。

ボーマン
Bowman, Isaiah

[生]1878.12.26. オンタリオ,ウォータールー
[没]1950.1.6. メリーランド,ボルティモア
アメリカの地理学者。行政にもたずさわり,アメリカ地理学会を国際的学会に育て上げた。のちジョンズ・ホプキンズ大学学長 (1935~48) 。 1919年のパリ講和会議には W.ウィルソン大統領およびアメリカ代表団の顧問として参加した。 F.ルーズベルト大統領在任中は科学・国家政策の相談に応じた。主著に『新大陸-政治地理学の諸問題』 The New World,Problems in Political Geography (第4版,28) がある。

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