Khovd - Khovd (English spelling)

Japanese: ホブド - ほぶど(英語表記)Khovd
Khovd - Khovd (English spelling)

The capital of Khovd Prefecture in western Mongolia. It is located at the foot of the Altai Mountains, on the Buyant River. It is also called Khovd. It has a population of 26,023 (2,000). It is a key road hub leading to Siberia in the north, Ulaanbaatar in the east, and China in the west, and is the economic and cultural center of western Mongolia. The town's history began in 1730 when the Qing Dynasty, which conquered the Dzungars, built a defense base for northwestern Mongolia in this area. The Qing Dynasty stationed a fixed-wing left deputy general, and later stationed a Khovd minister to pacify the Altai region. In 1762, the town moved to its current location, and eventually prospered as a trade hub between the Qing and Russia. After the 1912 revolution, it was renamed Jirgalanta, but in 1963 it reverted to its old name of Khovd. The surrounding area is home to 14 ethnic minorities, including the Khalkha, Zakhatyn, Turgut, Myangat, Uryankhai, Kazakh, and Dorbet, making it the country's largest ethnic minority area.

[Junichi Yoshida]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

モンゴル西部、ホブド県の県都。アルタイ山脈の山麓(さんろく)、ブヤント川の沿岸に位置する。コブドともいう。人口2万6023(2000)。北はシベリア、東はウランバートル、西は中国に通じる道路交通の要衝で、西部モンゴルの経済と文化の中心地である。町の歴史はジュンガルを征討した清(しん)朝が、1730年この付近に北西モンゴルの守備基地を築いたのに始まる。清朝は定辺左副将軍を置き、のちにはホブド参賛大臣を駐在させて、アルタイ方面の鎮撫(ちんぶ)にあたらせた。1762年町は現在の場所に移り、やがて清とロシアの貿易中継地としても繁栄するようになった。1912年の革命後ジルガランタと改名されたが、1963年旧名のホブドに戻った。周辺はハルハ以外にザハチン、トルグート、ミャンガト、ウリヤンハイ、カザフ、ドルベトなど、14に及ぶ民族が居住する同国最多の少数民族居住地域である。

[吉田順一]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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