Servant - Jicho

Japanese: 仕丁 - じちょう

〘 noun 〙 (also "shicho") 1. Under the ritsuryo system, the labor force imposed on adult male citizens. Also, the person in question . Two Shocho for every 50 households from each province were sent to the capital and distributed to government offices to serve as laborers for three years. Of the two, the one who actually worked was called the Rittei (= direct or kasutei), and the other looked after the Rittei's living expenses and was called the Shicho . When imposed on women, they were called Nyotei or Jocho , but the number of such was small. Jitei. A servant. [Ryo Gikai (718)] *Eika (around 1028-92) Hanayama tazunuru chuunagon "From the nobility, upper-ranking officials, suspicious guards, and servants" 2. Labor duties imposed on the fiefs given to temples, shrines, aristocrats, etc. Also, the person in question. A certain percentage of the fiefs were provided as laborers to perform odd jobs, or rice money was paid instead. Futei (futei) . Jitei. *Tonan-in documents - (date unknown) (after 993) - Todai-ji fumei shinmi kancho-an "eight servants. rice provision koku" 3. Under the Ritsuryo system, this refers to the jiriki (power) given to local officials. In particular, the jiriki given to Dazaifu officials are sometimes called jiriki (power) servants. Jitei. 4. From the Heian period onwards, servants used for odd jobs in the Imperial Court, the homes of aristocrats, temples, shrines, etc. Laborers who perform odd jobs. Servant. Jitei. *Okagura (before the 12th century) 2: "A small bucket was placed on a shelf in the eastern room of the Shinden, and the servants would bring them baths to fill them whenever they went to work." *Tsurezuregusa (around 1331) 36: "The woman said, 'Are you a servant?' and I was grateful and pleased." ⑤ In the Edo period, particularly in the kitchen, those who carried the mikoshi ( portable shrine ) and other duties. Jitei. [Richo (1845)] ⑥ Those who carried things and performed odd jobs at religious ceremonies and festivals. *Tokyo Annual Events (1911) < Wakatsuki Shiran> August Calendar: "A servant wearing a eboshi hat and a white robe, carrying a long-handled umbrella in a white cloth bag."

Servant

〘Noun〙 ⇒ jicho (servant)

Shi-tei [Servant]

〘Noun〙 ⇒ jicho (servant)

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙 (「しちょう」とも)① 令制で、公民の成年男子に課せられた力役(りきやく)。また、その人。諸国から五〇戸に二人の割合で、正丁を京にのぼらせ、官司に分配して三年間労役に服させた。二人のうち実働する者を立丁(りってい)（=直丁・駆使丁）といい、他の一人は立丁のために生活の世話をし、廝丁(しちょう)といわれる。女性に課せられた場合は女丁(にょてい・じょちょう)といわれるが、その数は少なかった。じてい。つかえのよぼろ。〔令義解（718）〕※栄花（1028‐92頃）花山たづぬる中納言「内のそこらの殿上人・上達部・あやしの衛士・仕丁にいたるまで」② 寺社、貴族などに与えられた封戸(ふご)に課せられる力役。また、その人。封戸から一定の割合で雑役に従事する人夫を差出すか、あるいはその代わりに米銭を上納する。封丁(ふうてい)。じてい。※東南院文書‐（年月日未詳）（正暦四年（993）以降）・東大寺封物進未勘注案「仕丁八人。養米石」③ 令制で、地方官に給された事力(じりき)のこと。特に大宰府官人に与えられた事力を仕丁と称することがある。じてい。④ 平安時代以降、宮中・貴族の家や寺社などで、雑役に使われた下男。雑役に従う人夫。下僕。じてい。※大鏡（１２Ｃ前）二「しんでんのひがくしの間に棚をして、小桶に小𣏐しておかれたれば、仕丁つとめてごとに湯をもてまゐりていれければ」※徒然草（1331頃）三六「女の方より『仕丁やある、ひとり』など言ひおこせたるこそ、ありがたくうれしけれ」⑤ 江戸時代、特に御台所(みだいどころ)で、御輿舁(みこしかき)その他諸事の使役に供する者。じてい。〔吏徴（1845）〕⑥ 神事や祭などで、物を持ち運んだり雑役に従事したりする者。※東京年中行事（1911）〈若月紫蘭〉八月暦「烏帽子白丁姿にて、白布の袋に納めた長柄の褄折傘を担いだ仕丁(シチャウ)一名が」