Boccherini

Japanese: ボッケリーニ

A composer and cellist representing the Italian classical period. Born in Lucca, he made his debut as a cellist at the age of 13. After working as a performer and composer in Vienna and Paris, he lived in Madrid from 1768 onwards, and became a court musician for Don Luis, the younger brother of King Carlos III. After the death of his master, he received support from Frederick William II of Berlin and other royal families, but in his later years he lived a financially disadvantaged life. He composed works in many genres, including operas, symphonies, concertos, and sacred vocal music, but he showed brilliant compositional techniques in chamber music, and made a great contribution to the development of the classical chamber music style. He is known for his works in various arrangements, including a string quintet (string quartet) that skillfully uses two cellos, as well as string quartets, trios, sextets, and a guitar quintet that combines a guitar and a string quartet. Although it was almost forgotten in the 19th century, it has been rapidly reevaluated since the completion of a catalogue of its works by French musicologist Y. Gérard (1932-) in 1969. It has also made a great contribution to the development of cello music, and in recent years, sonatas and chamber music have been frequently performed by early music performers such as Bylsma. The famous Cello Concerto in B-flat major has long been popular in its 19th century arrangement with a romantic touch, but today performances in the original version are also becoming more common.
→ Related article Cello

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

イタリアの古典派を代表する作曲家，チェロ奏者。ルッカに生まれ，13歳でチェロ奏者としてデビュー。ウィーンやパリで演奏家，作曲家として活躍後，1768年以後はマドリードに住み，国王カルロス３世の弟ドン・ルイスの宮廷演奏家に就任。主君の死後はベルリンのフリードリヒ・ウィルヘルム２世や王侯貴族の援助を受けたが，晩年は経済的に恵まれない生活を送った。オペラ，交響曲，協奏曲，宗教的声楽曲など多ジャンルに作品を残したが，中でも室内楽曲に鮮やかな作曲技巧を示し，古典派室内楽様式の発展に大きく貢献した。２つのチェロを巧みに用いた弦楽五重奏曲（弦楽四重奏）を中心に，弦楽四重奏曲，三重奏曲，六重奏曲，またギターと弦楽四重奏の組合せによるギター五重奏曲などさまざまな編成の作品が知られる。19世紀には半ば忘れ去られたが，1969年のフランスの音楽学者Y.ジェラール〔1932-〕による作品目録完成以来，急速に再評価が進んでいる。チェロ音楽の発展への貢献も大きく，近年はビルスマらの古楽演奏家によりソナタや室内楽曲が盛んに演奏されるようになった。有名な《チェロ協奏曲・変ロ長調》はロマン派風の彩りが施された19世紀の編曲版が長らく人気を得てきたが，今日では原典版による演奏も普及しつつある。
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