Dicotyledonous, polypetalous. Shrubs to tall trees. Most are deciduous, but some are evergreen in the subtropics and tropics. Leaves are opposite, mostly simple, with some species having compound leaves. No stipules. Dioecious or monoecious. Flowers are unisexual or bisexual florets. There are usually five petals and sepals, but sometimes four to six, and eight stamens, but sometimes four to twelve. The ovary is superior and bilobed. There is one style with two lobes at the end. The fruit contains two seeds and has a flattened wing. The seeds lack endosperm. The maple genus consists of about 160 species of Acer and two species of Dipteronia , and is distributed mainly in the temperate zones of the Northern Hemisphere. The genus Acer is a deciduous tree of small to medium size found in central and southern China, and differs from the genus Acer in that the fruit's wings are not thin and long, but rather surround the seed in a circular shape. [Ken Ogata September 17, 2020] In the APG classification, the genera Maple and Acer (Acer spp.) were placed in the Sapindaceae family, so the Maple family disappeared. [Editorial Department, September 17, 2020] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
双子葉植物、離弁花類。低木ないし高木。落葉樹が多いが、亜熱帯から熱帯には常緑のものもある。葉は対生し、多くは単葉で、一部の樹種のみ複葉を有する。托葉(たくよう)はない。雌雄異株または同株。花は単性または両性の小花。花弁、萼片(がくへん)はそれぞれ普通は5枚で、4~6枚のものもあり、雄しべは普通は8本で、4~12本のものもある。子房は上位で2室。花柱は1本で先は2裂する。果実は2個の種子を含み、扁平(へんぺい)な翼がある。種子は胚乳(はいにゅう)を欠く。カエデ属Acer約160種とコムクロジ属Dipteronia2種からなり、北半球の温帯を中心に分布する。コムクロジ属は中国の中部から南部にある落葉小高木ないし中高木で、果実の翼が細く伸びずに、種子の周囲を円形に囲んでいる点でカエデ属と異なる。 [緒方 健 2020年9月17日] APG分類ではカエデ属とキンセンセキ属(コムクロジ属)はムクロジ科とされたため、カエデ科は消滅した。 [編集部 2020年9月17日] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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