Fluorite - Hotaruishi (English spelling) fluorite

Japanese: 蛍石 - ほたるいし(英語表記)fluorite
Fluorite - Hotaruishi (English spelling) fluorite

Along with rock salt, it is one of the most common halide minerals. It is found in various hydrothermal vein deposits, contact metasomatic deposits (skarn deposits), pneumatolytic deposits, granitic pegmatites, limestone, etc., and is used as an industrial raw material for solvents and cement. Its euhedral shape consists of cubes, regular octahedrons, and aggregates of these. When rare earth elements partially replace calcium, excess fluorine is included to adjust the valence. Some are rich in Sr (strontium), and occur in a type of metasomatic rock called fenite. When the rare earth is a yttrium group, it becomes a different type of yttrium fluorite, and when it is a cerium group, it becomes cerfluorite. In Japan, there are veins consisting almost entirely of fluorite at the Igashima Mine (closed) in Aga-cho, Higashi-Kambara-gun, Niigata Prefecture, and the Hiraiwa Mine (closed) in Seki City, Gifu Prefecture. It has the same structure as uraninite. The English name fluorite (also called fluorite) comes from the Latin fluere, meaning "to flow," and refers to the mineral's ability to dissolve easily when heated and its use as a solvent.

[Akira Kato]

[References] | Yttria fluorite | Pneumatophoric deposits | Rare earth elements | Euhedral | Skarn deposits | Limestone | Uraninite | Hydrothermal deposits | Halides | Pegmatite [Supplementary information] | Fluorite (Data Note)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

岩塩とともにもっとも普通のハロゲン化鉱物の一つ。各種熱水鉱脈鉱床、接触交代鉱床(スカルン型鉱床)、気成鉱床、花崗(かこう)岩質ペグマタイト、石灰岩中などに産し、溶剤、セメント用など工業原料として用いられる。自形は立方体、正八面体およびこれらの聚(しゅう)形からなる。希土類元素が部分的にカルシウムのかわりに入ると、原子価調整のため、過剰のフッ素が含まれる。Sr(ストロンチウム)に富むものがあり、これはフェン岩という一種の交代岩中に産する。希土類がイットリウム族の場合は別種イットロ蛍石に、セリウムの場合はセル蛍石cerfluoriteになる。日本では新潟県東蒲原(ひがしかんばら)郡阿賀(あが)町の五十島(いがしま)鉱山(閉山)、岐阜県関市の平岩鉱山(閉山)などではほとんど蛍石のみからなる鉱脈がある。閃(せん)ウラン鉱と同構造。英名フルオライト(フローライトともいう)はラテン語で「流れる」を意味するfluereに由来し、同鉱物が加熱で容易に溶けること、溶剤としての用途を示している。

[加藤 昭]

[参照項目] | イットロ蛍石 | 気成鉱床 | 希土類元素 | 自形 | スカルン型鉱床 | 石灰岩 | 閃ウラン鉱 | 熱水鉱床 | ハロゲン化 | ペグマタイト[補完資料] | 蛍石(データノート)

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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