Ifugao - Ifugao people (English spelling)

Japanese: イフガオ族 - イフガオぞく(英語表記)Ifugao
Ifugao - Ifugao people (English spelling)
A Malay ethnic group living in the Cordillera Central mountain range in northern Luzon, the Philippines. They have been designated an ethnic minority by the Philippine government's Commission on National Integration. Their population is estimated at about 190,000. They are rice farmers who use terraced fields (→ terrace cultivation), and also cultivate upland rice, sweet potatoes, corn, sugarcane, and beans. They have established private ownership and inheritance rights, and neighboring families are closely linked by customary law and rituals. They have a bilateral kinship system, with third cousins ​​considered relatives. As residents of Ifugao Province, they are subject to the laws of the Republic of the Philippines, but also maintain traditional customary law. Their traditional houses are usually square and raised, and have raised rice storehouses within the buildings. The communal harvest, which begins in July, involves hours of rituals held indoors or under the floor of the rice storehouse in which the rice gods (often represented by wooden figures of a man and a woman) are offered blood from chickens or pigs' hearts and sake made from rice.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
フィリピン北部,ルソン島北部のコルディエラセントラル山脈に居住するマレー系の一民族。フィリピン政府の国家統合委員会によって少数民族の一つに指定された。人口約 19万と推定される。棚田を用いる稲作農耕民で (→階段耕作 ) ,陸稲,サツマイモ,トウモロコシ,サトウキビ,豆類も栽培する。土地の私有権および相続権が確立されており,慣習法,儀式などによって近隣家族が密接に結びつけられている。双系的な親族組織をもち,第3いとこまでが親類とみなされる。イフガオ州の住民としてフィリピン共和国の法律の適用を受けているが,伝統的な慣習法も保っている。伝統的な家屋は通常正方形高床式で,屋敷内には高床式の米倉をもつ。7月になると共同で刈り入れが行なわれ,室内ないしは米倉の床下で何時間にもわたって儀式がもたれ,米の神 (しばしばそれを象徴する男女の木像が使われる) にニワトリやブタの心臓から吹き出る血や,米からつくった酒が捧げられる。

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