A force that has potential energy. If the potential energy (or potential energy) at position r is V ( r ), then conservative forces are given by F = -grad V ( r ). Gravity, the Hooke force of a spring, gravitational force, and Coulomb force are all conservative forces, but frictional force and the Lorentz force are not. In a mechanical system in which only conservative forces are acting, the law of conservation of mechanical energy holds, hence the name. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
位置エネルギーをもつ力。位置 r での位置エネルギー (またはポテンシャルエネルギー) を V(r) とすると,保存力は F=-gradV(r) で与えられる。重力,ばねのフック力,万有引力,クーロン力などは保存力であり,摩擦力,ローレンツ力は保存力でない。保存力だけが働く力学系では力学的エネルギー保存則が成り立つので,この名がある。
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