German composer. He studied under W. Fortner at the Braunschweig Music School and then at the Heidelberg Church Music School, and later became a pupil of Leibowitz. From 1950 to 1953, he was artistic director of the Hessian State Theatre in Wiesbaden. In 1953, he moved to Italy to concentrate on his creative endeavours. From 1961 to 1967, he taught composition at the Mozarteum in Salzburg. From 1969 to 1970, he was involved in teaching and research activities in Cuba. In 1980, he became professor of composition at the Cologne State Higher School of Music. His works were recognized from a young age, and include symphonies, concertos, and chamber music, but he is especially regarded as one of the leading contemporary opera composers. He created a unique theatrical art by unifying all the elements of opera up to that point, such as various writing styles ranging from neoclassicism to the twelve-tone technique and the avant-garde style of the post-World War II era, as well as Bel canto melodies and French wit. Among his works, Elegy for Young Lovers (1959-1961) is considered a masterpiece of post-war opera. Other examples include The Deer King (premiered in 1956), The Prince of Homburg (1958), The Young Nobleman (1964), The Bacchae (1965), We Came to the River (1976), and Betrayed Sea (1990), based on a short story by Yukio Mishima. Apart from operas, his works include the ballet music "Labyrinthos" (1951), "Ondine" (1957), "Symphonies No. 1 to 9" (1963-1997), "Piano Concertos No. 1 and No. 2" (1950, 1967), "Violin Concertos No. 1 and No. 2" (1947, 1971), "Five Neapolitan Folk Songs" (1956), the oratorio "The Raft of Medusa" (1968), and "Requiem" (1993). In 2000, he was awarded the Prince Takamatsu Memorial World Culture Prize. [Yumiko Terada] Hidekazu Yoshida, Complete Works of Hidekazu Yoshida 3: Music of the 20th Century, Newly Republished Edition (1999, Hakusuisha) [References] | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ドイツの作曲家。ブラウンシュワイクの音楽学校、ついでハイデルベルクの教会音楽学校でW・フォルトナーに学び、さらにレイボウィッツの門下生となる。1950~1953年ウィースバーデンのヘッセン国立劇場芸術監督に就任。1953年からイタリアへ移り創作活動に専念。1961~1967年ザルツブルクのモーツァルテウムで作曲を教える。1969~1970年キューバで教育・研究活動に携わる。1980年ケルン国立高等音楽学校の作曲科教授に就任。 若いころから作品が認められ、交響曲、協奏曲、室内楽曲などもあるが、とくに現代のオペラ作曲家の第一人者と評価されている。新古典主義から十二音技法、第二次世界大戦後の前衛的様式に至るまでの種々の書法やベルカント的旋律、フランス風の機知など、それまでのオペラのあらゆる要素を統一して独自の舞台芸術をつくりあげた。なかでも『若い恋人たちへのエレジー』(1959~1961)は戦後のオペラの傑作とされている。ほかに『鹿(しか)の王』(1956初演)、『ホンブルクの公子』(1958)、『若き貴族』(1964)、『バッコスの信女』(1965)、『われわれは川に来た』(1976)、三島由紀夫の短編に基づいた『裏切られた海』(1990)などがあげられる。オペラ以外の作品としては、バレエ音楽『ラビリントス』(1951)、『オンディーヌ』(1957)、『交響曲第1番~第9番』(1963~1997)、『ピアノ協奏曲第1番、第2番』(1950、1967)、『バイオリン協奏曲第1番、第2番』(1947、1971)、『五つのナポリ民謡』(1956)、オラトリオ『メドゥーサの筏(いかだ)』(1968)、『レクイエム』(1993)などがある。2000年(平成12)高松宮殿下記念世界文化賞を受賞。 [寺田由美子] 『吉田秀和著『吉田秀和全集3 二十世紀の音楽』新装復刊版(1999・白水社)』 [参照項目] | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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