An evergreen shrub of the Rutaceae family (APG classification: Rutaceae). Known in Italy for hundreds of years, it is thought to have originated from a hybrid between bitter orange and lemon or lime, and is highly variable. The leaves are large with small sawtooth edges, long petioles, and large winged leaves. The flowers are white. The fruits weigh 120-150 grams and are oblate, obovate, or pear-shaped, and many have a hilum. The skin is rough and lemon-colored, with 12-13 gourd sacs, and the flesh is soft, blue-green-yellow, acidic, and slightly bitter. It is widely cultivated in Italy, and known varieties include Castagnaro and Feminello. The stem, leaves and peel contain bergamot oil, which is important as a fragrance. Citric acid is also extracted from the fruit. Bergamot oil is also found in limes. [Muneo Iizuka October 16, 2020] [References] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ミカン科(APG分類:ミカン科)の常緑低木。イタリアで数百年前から知られ、ダイダイとレモン、あるいはライムとの雑種から由来したものと考えられ、変異に富む。葉は大きく、小鋸歯(きょし)があり、葉柄は長く、大きい翼葉がある。花は白色。果実は120~150グラムで扁円(へんえん)、倒卵、洋ナシ形があり、へそがあるものが多い。果皮は粗く、レモン色で、瓤嚢(じょうのう)(袋)数は12~13個、果肉は柔らかく、青緑黄色で酸が多く、すこし苦い。イタリアで栽培が多く、カスタグナロ、フェミネロなどの品種が知られている。 茎、葉、果皮にベルガモット油を含み、香料として重要である。また果実からはクエン酸がとれる。なお、ベルガモット油はライムにも含まれている。 [飯塚宗夫 2020年10月16日] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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