American folk and pop singer and film actor. Born in New York. Real name Harold George Belafonte. His father was from Martinique in the West Indies, and his mother was from Jamaica. He lived in Kingston, Jamaica with his mother and brother from age 9 to 13. In 1944 during World War II, he volunteered to join the U.S. Navy. After being discharged at the end of 1945, he attended the Drama Institute with the aim of becoming an actor. After playing a singing role, he made his debut as a singer in 1949. In 1952, he signed with RCA Records, and at the end of the same year, " Scarlet Ribbons " became a hit. In 1953, he appeared in the film "Shining Road" and the Broadway show "John Murray Anderson's Almanac". In 1956, his albums "Belafonte" and "Calypso" became big hits. In 1957, "Banana Boat (Day - O)" became a million-seller, sparking a worldwide calypso boom. In 1959, they held a successful concert at Carnegie Hall, gaining great fame. Since the 1960s, he has worked to improve the status of black people, and participated in the March on Washington in 1963. He won the Grammy Award for Best Folk Music in 1960 for his album Swing Dat Hammer , and for Best Folk Recording in 1965 for An Evening with Belafonte/Makeba, a collaboration with South African singer Miriam Makeba (1932-2008). In 1985, he advocated for the formation of the African famine relief charity USA for Africa, and recorded We are the World . His film appearances include Carmen Jones (1954), The Pistol's Wage (1959), Uptown Saturday Night (1974), and Kansas City (1996). [Aoki Kei] "Genia Fogelson: Harry Belafonte; Singer and Actor (1999, Melrose Square Publishing Company)" [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
アメリカのフォーク、ポピュラー歌手、映画俳優。ニューヨーク生まれ。本名ハロルド・ジョージ・ベラフォンテHarold George Belafonte。父は西インド諸島のマルティニーク島、母はジャマイカ島の出身。9歳から13歳までは母と弟とともにジャマイカのキングストンで生活する。第二次世界大戦中の1944年に志願してアメリカ海軍に入隊。除隊後の45年末に俳優を志して演劇研究所に通う。歌う役を演じたのをきっかけに49年歌手としてデビューした。52年にRCAレコードと契約、同年末『スカーレット・リボン』Scarlet Ribbonsがヒット。53年に映画『輝く路』、ブロードウェイのショー『ジョン・マレイ・アンダーソンのアルマナック』に出演。56年にアルバム『ベラフォンテ』『カリプソ』が大ヒットとなる。57年『バナナ・ボート(デイ・オー)』Banana Boat (Day-O)がミリオンセラーを記録、世界的なカリプソ・ブームを巻き起こす。59年にカーネギー・ホールでのコンサートを成功させ高い名声を得た。 1960年代以降は黒人の地位向上に努力し、63年のワシントン大行進にも参加。グラミー賞はアルバム『スウィング・ダット・ハンマー』Swing Dat Hammerで60年度最優秀フォーク賞、南アフリカ人歌手ミリアム・マケバMiriam Makeba(1932―2008)との共作『アン・イブニング・ウィズ・ベラフォンテ/マケバ』An Evening with Belafonte/Makebaで65年度最優秀フォーク録音賞を受賞している。85年にアフリカ飢餓救済チャリティー「USA・フォー・アフリカ」結成を提唱し『ウィ・アー・ザ・ワールド』We are the Worldを録音。出演映画は『カルメン・ジョーンズ』(1954)、『拳銃の報酬』(1959)、『アップタウン・サタデイ・ナイト』(1974)、『カンザス・シティ』(1996)ほか。 [青木 啓] 『Genia Fogelson:Harry Belafonte;Singer and Actor(1999, Melrose Square Publishing Company)』 [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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