A freshwater fish belonging to the order Acipenseriformes and family Acipenseridae. It lives in the Mississippi River in North America. Its body resembles that of a shark, but its nose protrudes forward in a spatula shape that is about one-third to one-half of its body length, and it has small eyes at its base. Its body surface is smooth and has no scales. It spawns in the rapids of the Mississippi River. The eggs are about 3 millimeters in diameter and hatch in one week. The larvae are transparent and their nose tip does not extend. When they reach 4 centimeters in length, a nose of about 7 millimeters appears. They mature to 10 to 15 kilograms in 7 or 8 years. They usually grow to be 1.8 meters long and weigh about 84 kilograms, but can reach a maximum length of 3.6 meters. They swim with their mouths wide open, and feed mainly on small crustaceans and plankton that they filter through their gills. Its meat has only recently come into use. Its green-black eggs are used to make American caviar. Juvenile fish are popular as ornamental fish. It is listed as an endangered species. The closely related spinner sturgeon, which lives in the Yellow River and the Yangtze River, is also an endangered species. [Kunio Amano] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
硬骨魚綱チョウザメ目ヘラチョウザメ科に属する淡水魚。北アメリカのミシシッピ川にすむ。体はサメに似ているが、鼻先が体長の3分の1ないし2分の1ほどへら状に前方へ突出しており、その付け根に小さい目がある。体表面は滑らかで、鱗(うろこ)がない。産卵はミシシッピ川の激流の中で行われる。卵径はおよそ3ミリメートルで、1週間で孵化(ふか)する。仔魚(しぎょ)は透明で、鼻先が伸びていない。体長4センチメートルになると、およそ7ミリメートルの鼻が出現する。7、8年で10~15キログラムになり成熟する。普通、体長は1.8メートル、体重84キログラムほどになるが、最大体長3.6メートルに達する。口をいっぱいに開いて泳ぎ、おもに小形甲殻類やプランクトンをえらで漉(こ)して食べる。 肉は近年になって利用されるようになった。緑黒色の卵はアメリカ産のキャビアになる。幼魚は飼育観賞魚として人気がある。種の存続について危惧種(きぐしゅ)に位置づけられている。近縁種のハシナガチョウザメは黄河(こうが)と揚子江(ようすこう)にすむが、絶滅危惧種である。 [尼岡邦夫] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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