Bates, HW

Japanese: ベーツ(英語表記)Bates, H.W.
Bates, HW
Born: 8 February 1825, Leicester
[Died] February 16, 1892. London. British naturalist and explorer. Full name Henry Walter Bates. In 1861, he published a paper proposing that insect mimicry is the result of natural selection, and fully supported Charles Robert Darwin's theory of evolution. In 1844, he met Alfred Russel Wallace, who was a teacher in England, and introduced him to the world of entomology. Wallace suggested that Bates and Wallace travel to the Amazon basin to collect specimens for commercial purposes and to gather data useful for research on the origin of species. On May 28, 1848, Bates and Wallace arrived in Belém, Para, near the mouth of the Amazon River. Wallace returned to England in 1852, but Bates stayed there for 11 years, exploring the Amazon basin and collecting about 14,712 species (8,000 of which were unknown), mainly insects. He returned to Japan in 1859. In 1861, he published his famous paper "Contributions to an Insect Fauna of the Amazon Valley." In 1864, he was appointed assistant secretary of the Royal Geographical Society, a position he held for the rest of his life. He wrote many books, including "The Naturalist on the River Amazons" (1863, 2 volumes).

Bates
Bates, Edward

Born: September 4, 1793, Goochland
Died March 25, 1869. St. Louis. American lawyer. Practiced law in the Missouri Territory, but after Missouri joined the Union in 1821, he was elected to the House of Representatives in 1826. Although a conservative, he was known as a southerner who freed his slaves. From 1830 to 1834, he served in the Missouri State Legislature. In 1856, he became the leader of the Whig Party, but became sympathetic to the newly formed Republican Party. In 1860, he received 48 votes as the presidential candidate at the Republican National Convention held in Chicago, but was defeated by Lincoln. He was appointed Attorney General by President Lincoln, but often opposed Lincoln's military policies. He was not a prominent member of the Lincoln administration, and retired from politics in 1864 to become a lawyer in St. Louis.

Bates
Bates, Herbert Ernest

Born: May 16, 1905, Rushden
[Died] January 29, 1974, Canterbury. British author. His works include My Uncle Silas (1939), a collection of short stories depicting rural life with Rabelaisian humor, The Greatest People in the World (42), a military novel about the Royal Air Force, Colonel Julian (51), and The Darling Buds of May (58), a novel about the farming Larkin family.

Bates
Beets, Nicolaas

Born: September 13, 1814 in Haarlem, North Holland
Died: March 13, 1903, Utrecht. Dutch author. He studied theology, and after working as a clergyman, he became a professor of theology at Utrecht University (1875-1884). He was initially influenced by English and French romanticism, and was particularly devoted to Byron, but later he broke away from that influence and began to portray real life in a realistic way. His collection of short stories, Camera obscura (39), published under the pseudonym Hildebrand, is a masterpiece that depicts the lives of ordinary people in a humorous and realistic way.

Bates
Bates, Katharine Lee

Born: August 12, 1859 in Falmouth, Massachusetts
[Died] March 28, 1929. Wellesley, Massachusetts. American female poet. She was a professor of English literature at Wellesley College for many years, and also wrote many poetry collections and children's books. She is particularly known for her patriotic poem America the Beautiful (1895). She also wrote travelogues and academic books on English and American literature.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1825.2.8. レスター
[没]1892.2.16. ロンドン
イギリスの博物学者,探検家。フルネーム Henry Walter Bates。1861年に昆虫の擬態が自然選択の作用であることを発表し,チャールズ・ロバート・ダーウィンの進化論を全面的に支持した。1844年,イギリスで教員をしていたアルフレッド・ラッセル・ウォレスと知り合い,昆虫学の世界に導いた。そのウォレスに,商売のための標本採集と,種の起源の研究に役立つデータ収集を目的としたアマゾン川流域への旅行を提案され,1848年5月28日,ベーツとウォレスはアマゾン川河口付近のパラ州ベレンに到着した。ウォレスは 1852年にイギリスに帰国したが,ベーツは 11年間滞在してアマゾン川流域を探検し,昆虫を中心に約 1万4712種(うち 8000種が未知種)を採集した。1859年帰国。1861年に有名な論文 "Contributions to an Insect Fauna of the Amazon Valley"を発表した。1864年,王立地理学協会事務次長に任命され,終生その職にあった。『アマゾン河の博物学者』The Naturalist on the River Amazons(1863,全2巻)ほか著書多数。

ベーツ
Bates, Edward

[生]1793.9.4. グーチランド
[没]1869.3.25. セントルイス
アメリカの法律家。ミズーリ准州で弁護士をしていたが,1821年ミズーリが合衆国に加入してのち,26年下院議員に選出された。保守主義者ではあるが,自己所有の奴隷を解放した南部人として有名である。 30~34年,ミズーリ州議会の議員。 56年ホイッグ党党首となったが,新たに結成された共和党と同調するようになった。 60年,シカゴで行われた共和党全国大会では大統領候補として 48票を獲得したが,リンカーンに敗北。リンカーン大統領により司法長官に任命されたが,リンカーンの軍事政策にしばしば異議を唱えた。リンカーン政権の一員としてはさほど目立った存在ではなく,64年政界を退き,セントルイスで弁護士となった。

ベーツ
Bates, Herbert Ernest

[生]1905.5.16. ラッシュデン
[没]1974.1.29. カンタベリー
イギリスの作家。田園生活をラブレー的なユーモアで描いた短編集『サイラスおじさん』 My Uncle Silas (1939) ,イギリス空軍を扱った軍隊小説『世界で最も偉大な人々』 The Greatest People in the World (42) ,短編集『ジュリアン大佐』 Colonel Julian (51) ,農家ラーキン家を描く小説『五月のかわいいつぼみ』 The Darling Buds of May (58) など。

ベーツ
Beets, Nicolaas

[生]1814.9.13. ノルトホラント,ハールレム
[没]1903.3.13. ユトレヒト
オランダの作家。神学を修め,牧師を経てユトレヒト大学神学教授 (1875~84) 。初めイギリス,フランスのロマン主義に共鳴し,特にバイロンに傾倒したが,のちその影響を脱し,実生活を写実的に描くようになった。 Hildebrandの筆名で発表した短編集『暗箱』 Camera obscura (39) は,小市民の生活をユーモアを交えながら写実的に描いた傑作。

ベーツ
Bates, Katharine Lee

[生]1859.8.12. マサチューセッツ,ファルマス
[没]1929.3.28. マサチューセッツ,ウェルズリー
アメリカの女流詩人。ウェルズリー・カレッジの英文学教授を長くつとめ,かたわら詩集や児童向けの本を多く著わした。特に愛国的な詩『美しきアメリカ』 America the Beautiful (1895) で有名。ほかに旅行記や英米文学関係の学術書もある。

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